Metal pollution assessment in the surface sediment of Lake Nasser, Egypt

Heavy metals pollution is a worldwide problem that has grown during the past few decades because of their toxicity, extensive sources, non-biodegradable characteristics, and accumulative behaviors in aquatic environments [1][2][3]. These metals are identified as a significant indicator for degradation of aquatic environments. Enormous quantities of metals are being released into the environment both from anthropogenicrelated processes and natural sources through direct discharge into water or indirectly through stormwater runoff, domestic effluents, fossil fuel combustion, and atmospheric depositions [4]. Heavy metals ultimately Pol. J. Environ. Stud. Vol. 27, No. 2 (2018), 675-688 Original Research Heavy Metals Contamination and Ecological Risk AbstractHeavy metal concentrations were determined using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) in surface sediments of Namal Lake, Pakistan. The metals content in sediment varied significantly and were in the order of Al>Fe>Mn>V>Zn>Cr>Ni>Cu>As>Co>Pb>Cd. Except for Al, the average concentrations of metals were higher than the average value of the upper continental crust (UCC). The significant positive correlations among heavy metals (p<0.01) suggested that these metals originated from the same sources. The pollution indices indicated severe contamination of sediments with As, Cd, and Ni. The sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) revealed that 19.2% of As, 11.5% of Cr, and 88.5% of Ni from all the sampling sites exceeded the probable effect level (PEL). The computed average risk index (RI) of single elements were in the following order Cd(411.9)>As(69.0)>Ni(15.4)>Cu(10.0)>Cr(4.3)> Pb(3.66)>Zn(1.7). Principle component analysis (PCA) extracted three components explaining (76.136%) of total variance of chemical data and were highly to moderately loaded with Fe, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, Al, As, Cd, Ni, V, Cr, TOC, pH, CaCO 3 , and Pb in three principal components (PCs). The results obtained from cluster analysis, correlation of heavy metals, and principal component analysis suggested the origin of metals from both anthropogenic and natural sources.

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“…accumulate on the sediment directly during adsorption and sedimentation processes by suspended matters [5][6].…”

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confidence: 99%

Heavy Metals Contamination and Ecological Risk Assessment in Surface Sediments of Namal Lake, Pakistan

Javed¹,

Ahmad²,

Mashiatullah³

2018

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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“…Its advantage is that it offers the possibility of assessing sediment contamination in various sedimentary environments. In the case of aquatic ecosystems, this index is commonly used for marine (Özkan 2012;Attia and Ghrefat 2013;Ong et al 2013), fluvial (Bojakowska and Sokołowska 1998;Ghrefat and Yusuf 2006;Nikolaidis et al 2010;Kabir et al 2011;Rabee et al 2011;Rubin et al 2011;Varol and Sen 2012;Yahaya et al 2012;Kalender and Uçar 2013), lake (Zeng and Wu 2009;Choiński et al 2010;Bing et al 2011;Hu et al 2011;Cáceres Choque et al 2013;Alikaj et al 2014; El- Sayed et al 2015;Gao et al 2015;Guo et al 2015) and reservoir sediments (Loska and Wiechuła 2003;Saleem et al 2012;Young et al 2012;Bąk et al 2013;Goher et al 2014;Tang et al 2014;Wang et al 2014;Palma et al 2015) as well as in marshes and peats (Bai et al 2012) in various climatic zones. Modern applications of the I geo are also varied; even for the algorithm for calculating, it takes different forms.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The essence of the problems arising in relation to interpretation is the value of the geochemical background that is used in the calculation of the index for the element in question. Some researchers base their interpretations of element concentrations in sediments on a calculation formula that uses the presence of the element in question in a certain type of rock in the Earth's crust as the geochemical background (Loska and Wiechula 2003;Ghrefat and Yusuf 2006;Hu et al 2011;Saleem et al 2012;Young et al 2012;Goher et al 2014;El-Sayed et al 2015). Most commonly, the geochemical background for individual elements is used (Turekian and Wedepohl 1961;Bowen 1966;Li 2000;Li and Schoonmaker 2005).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cadmium contamination of sediments in the water reservoirs in Silesian Upland (southern Poland)

Rzętała

2016

J Soils Sediments

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Purpose Cadmium (Cd) is considered a toxic element and its concentrations are relevant to human health and the environment. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to determine the extent to which the bottom sediments of water bodies (artificial lakes and ponds) in the Silesian Upland in southern Poland are contaminated with Cd; an attempt was also made to determine the factors that condition spatial differences in the concentration of this element between individual water bodies in the region. Materials and methods Measurements of the Cd content in bottom sediments were carried out in 35 water bodies in southern Poland in 2011 and 2012. Depending on the surface area and morphometric characteristics, from two to nine samples representative in terms of sediment thickness were collected in each water body. Cadmium concentrations were determined for 92 0.25 g aliquots using the TD-ICP method. Results and discussion Cadmium content in all samples (0.7-580.0 mg kg ) and, with a few exceptions, was also higher than the preindustrial concentration (1.0 mg kg ) as the baseline for the geoaccumulation index (I geo ), the sediments examined can be classified as extremely and heavily contaminated (and moderately contaminated in a small number of cases). The assessment of sediment quality based on I geo, with the regional geochemical background (2.5 mg kg −1 ) adopted as the baseline, results in non-contaminated and moderately contaminated sediments being dominant with a far smaller number of heavily and extremely contaminated ones. Conclusions In the case of several water bodies, Cd concentrations were at record levels that have not been found anywhere else in the world. On the basis of the I geo , sediments of varying quality were found-from virtually uncontaminated to extremely contaminated. The I geo index as an indicator of the quality of bottom sediments is a measure that requires careful interpretation, especially when different concentration levels regarded as natural are used for determining its value.

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“…Long-term exposure to and inhalation of heavy metals and natural radionuclides could cause many health problems, such as acute leukemia, anemia, cataracts of the eye as well as different types of cancer (Taskin et al 2009;Qureshi et al 2014;Wang et al 2017). Several researchers have made efforts to correlate heavy metal contamination with natural radioactivity in soil and water (Baykara and Dogru 2010;Meindinyo and Agbalagba 2012;Faisal et al 2015;Milenkovic et al 2015;Chen et al 2015), aquatic environment (Szarlowicz et al 2013;Aytas et al 2014;Goher et al 2014;El-Amier et al 2017), crude oil (Ajayi et al 2009), fertilizer (El-Taher and Althoyaib 2012), uranium and phosphate mining areas (Atta et al 2016;Bai et al 2017), other mining environment (Mileusnic et al 2014), etc. Information on such efforts concerning iron-ore mines is very scanty.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and Multivariate Pollution Risks Assessment of Heavy Metals and Natural Radionuclides Around Abandoned Iron-Ore Mines in North Central Nigeria

Isinkaye

2018

Earth Syst Environ

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The Itakpe abandoned iron-ore mines constitute the largest iron-ore deposits in Nigeria with an estimated reserve of about three million metric tons of ore. The present effort is a part of a comprehensive study to estimate the environmental and radiological health hazards associated with previous mining operations in the study area. In this regard, heavy metals (Fe, Zn, Cu, Cd, Cr, Mn, Pb, Ni, Co and As) and natural radionuclides (U, Th and K) were measured in rock, soil and water samples collected at different locations within the mining sites. Atomic absorption and gamma-ray spectrometry were utilized for the measurements. Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni, Cd, Cr, Co Pb and As were detected at varying concentrations in rock and soil samples. Cd, Cr, Pb and As were not detected in water samples. The concentrations of heavy metals vary according to the following pattern; rock ˃ soil ˃ water. The mean elemental concentrations of K, U and Th are 2.9%, 0.8 and 1.2 ppm and 1.3%, 0.7 and 1.7 ppm, respectively, for rock and soil samples. Pearson correlation analyses of the results indicate that the heavy metals are mostly negatively correlated with natural radionuclides in the study area. Cancer and non-cancer risks due to heavy metals and radiological hazards due to natural radionuclides to the population living within the vicinity of the abandoned mines are lower than acceptable limits. It can, therefore, be concluded that no significant environmental or radiological health hazard is envisaged.

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Metal pollution assessment in the surface sediment of Lake Nasser, Egypt

Cited by 188 publications

References 47 publications

Heavy Metals Contamination and Ecological Risk Assessment in Surface Sediments of Namal Lake, Pakistan

Heavy Metals Contamination and Ecological Risk Assessment in Surface Sediments of Namal Lake, Pakistan

Cadmium contamination of sediments in the water reservoirs in Silesian Upland (southern Poland)

Distribution and Multivariate Pollution Risks Assessment of Heavy Metals and Natural Radionuclides Around Abandoned Iron-Ore Mines in North Central Nigeria

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