Metal Oxide Semiconductor-based gas sensor for Acetone sensing

Metal Oxide Gas Sensors to Study Acetone Detection Considering Their Potential in the Diagnosis of Diabetes: A Review

“…Since temperature—generally referred to as the operating temperature or optimum operating temperature—is a factor that influences the behavior of the sensing material (i.e., when the sensor response is higher), these gas sensors usually include a heating element. The classical fabrication of a metal oxide gas sensor uses powder metallurgy (pellet or tube form) or thick or thin film technology [ 36 , 77 ]. In more advanced methods, a microstructured silicon substrate is applied as the base for the metal oxide (sensitive material) and heater.…”

Acetone discriminator and concentration estimator for diabetes monitoring in human breath

“…In recent years, studies have shown that urine, tears, saliva, sweat and exhaled breath can be used to measure changes in glucose concentration indirectly instead of blood [12]. In this work, we are interested in the use of exhaled breath analysis for non-invasive blood glucose monitoring, a method that offers the advantage of being a mixture that is not as complex as urine and blood and that the collection of samples is not a complicated process [13]. In fact, a single human breath contains about 500 volatile organic compounds (VOC), many of them are considered as biomarkers that can indicate the state of many diseases non-invasively [12], [14].…”

“…One of the most challenging parts of the development of an e-nose is the design of the sensor array which must be both selective and sensitive especially because the acetone is in the breath with a small concentration which varies between 0.2 parts per million (ppm) and 0.8 ppm for a normal person and exceeds 1.8 ppm for a diabetic person [13], considering that those people are not fasting, or under ketogenic dieting or in a workout [21].…”