Metal oxide-catalyzed hydrothermal liquefaction of Malaysian oil palm biomass to bio-oil under supercritical condition

Yim, See Cheng; Quitain, Armando T.; Yusup, Suzana; Sasaki, Mitsuru; Uemura, Yoshimitsu; Kida, Tetsuya

doi:10.1016/j.supflu.2016.05.044

Cited by 75 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…This implies that the biocrude containing these electronegative heteroatoms is capable of forming more intense dipole-dipole interactions, which would lead to a higher apparent boiling point in the mixture. This fact was previously observed in the metal oxide-catalysed HTL of Malaysian oil palm biomass [38] due to the presence of oxygenated compounds and aromatic compounds.…”

Section: N (Wt%) C (Wt%) H (Wt%) S (Wt%) O (Wt%) Hhv (Mj/kg) Er (%)supporting

confidence: 71%

“…In all cases, a significant decrease was observed in the N content with respect to the non-catalysed reaction (6.11 ± 0.02 wt%). This fact corroborates the power of metal oxides as catalysts of hydrolysis and cracking reactions breaking the macromolecules (proteins and lipids) to give compounds with N soluble in the aqueous phase fraction that decrease the content of this heteroatom in biocrude [20,38]. Table 3.…”

Section: Element Content Higher Heating Value (Hhv) and Energy Recovsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…In addition, the basicity of CaO could give rise to secondary reactions of saponification, decreasing the biocrude yield [22]. However, the saponification reactions were not significant at the short reaction time used in this work (10 min) in comparison to the longer reaction times (60 min) in a previous study using palm biomass as raw material [38].…”

Section: Effects Of Catalysts On the Yields Of Hydrothermal Liquefactmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…The use of CeO 2 , MnO 2 , La 2 O 3 and Al 2 O 3 as heterogeneous catalysts results in lower yields (43.80 ± 0.50 wt%, 44.11 ± 0.50 wt%, 42.66 ± 1.10 wt% and 44.22 ± 1.60 wt%, respectively) than the use of CaO (49.73 ± 0.90 wt%). If we attend at the electronegativity of these catalysts under the reaction conditions, the first four had a electronegativity between 8 and 11.5 while CaO had a value close to 5 [38]. Consequently, the highest yield of biocrude was obtained with the most basic oxide catalyst (CaO), which promoted the hydrolysis and cracking reactions.…”

Section: Effects Of Catalysts On the Yields Of Hydrothermal Liquefactmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Microalga Using Metal Oxide Catalyst

et al. 2019

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The yield and composition of the biocrude obtained by hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of Nannocloropsis gaditana using heterogeneous catalysts were evaluated. The catalysts were based on metal oxides (CaO, CeO 2 , La 2 O 3 , MnO 2 , and Al 2 O 3 ). The reactions were performed in a batch autoclave reactor at 320 • C for 10 min with a 1:10 (wt/wt) microalga:water ratio. These catalysts increased the yield of the liquefaction phase (from 94.14 ± 0.30 wt% for La 2 O 3 to 99.49 ± 0.11 wt% for MnO 2 ) as compared with the thermal reaction (92.60 ± 1.20 wt%). Consequently, the biocrude yields also raised in the metal oxides catalysed HTL, showing values remarkably higher for the CaO (49.73 ± 0.9 wt%) in comparison to the HTL without catalyst (42.60 ± 0.70 wt%). The N and O content of the biocrude obtained from non-catalytic HTL were 6.11 ± 0.02 wt% and 10.50 ± 0.50 wt%, respectively. In this sense, the use of the metal oxides decreased the N content of the biocrude (4.62 ± 0.15-5.45 ± 0.11 wt%), although, they kept constant or increased its O content (11.39 ± 2.06-21.68 ± 0.03 wt%). This study shows that CaO, CeO 2 and Al 2 O 3 can be promising catalysts based on the remarkable amount of biocrude, the highest values of C, H, heating value, energy recovery, and the lowest content of N, O and S.

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Section: N (Wt%) C (Wt%) H (Wt%) S (Wt%) O (Wt%) Hhv (Mj/kg) Er (%)supporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Element Content Higher Heating Value (Hhv) and Energy Recovsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Effects Of Catalysts On the Yields Of Hydrothermal Liquefactmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Effects Of Catalysts On the Yields Of Hydrothermal Liquefactmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Microalga Using Metal Oxide Catalyst

et al. 2019

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“…Chan and co‐workers found that the optimum conditions for PKS yielded a highest bio‐oil yield of 37.4 % at 390 °C and 25 MPa. Yim et al conducted biomass conversion under supercritical water (SCW) conditions with metal oxide catalysts and obtained a maximum relative yield of bio‐oil of about 1.4 times that without catalysts .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Operating Parameters on Biomass Conversion under Sub‐ and Supercritical Water Conditions

et al. 2017

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The influence of reaction pressure, reaction time, reaction temperature, and biomass‐to‐water mass ratio R on the conversion of miscanthus biomass to biofuels under sub‐ and supercritical water (SCW) conditions was investigated. The highest total conversion was obtained under SCW conditions and the heating value increased under subcritical and SCW conditions. The findings herein show that near‐supercritical and supercritical water at 400 °C and high pressure can be an effective reaction medium for converting biomass to oils with relatively low oxygen contents in high yields.

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