Metal–Organic Frameworks for Separation

Abstract

Separation is an important industrial step with critical roles in the chemical, petrochemical, pharmaceutical, and nuclear industries, as well as in many other fields. Although much progress has been made, the development of better separation technologies, especially through the discovery of high-performance separation materials, continues to attract increasing interest due to concerns over factors such as efficiency, health and environmental impacts, and the cost of existing methods. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), a rapidly expanding family of crystalline porous materials, have shown great promise to address various separation challenges due to their well-defined pore size and unprecedented tunability in both composition and pore geometry. In the past decade, extensive research is performed on applications of MOF materials, including separation and capture of many gases and vapors, and liquid-phase separation involving both liquid mixtures and solutions. MOFs also bring new opportunities in enantioselective separation and are amenable to morphological control such as fabrication of membranes for enhanced separation outcomes. Here, some of the latest progress in the applications of MOFs for several key separation issues, with emphasis on newly synthesized MOF materials and the impact of their compositional and structural features on separation properties, are reviewed and highlighted.

Structural Engineering of Low‐Dimensional Metal–Organic Frameworks: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications

“…[70,[313][314][315][316][317] Previous researches have demonstrated that LD MOFs with high aspect ratio and unique physicochemical properties possess superior sorption behaviors over their bulk counterparts. [70,[313][314][315][316][317] Previous researches have demonstrated that LD MOFs with high aspect ratio and unique physicochemical properties possess superior sorption behaviors over their bulk counterparts.…”

Hydrophobic Metal–Organic Frameworks: Assessment, Construction, and Diverse Applications

“…Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), also called porous coordination polymers (PCPs), are a class of porous materials commonly obtained by the facile hydrothermal or solvothermal reactions of metal ions and bridging organic ligands at relatively low temperatures . In the past two decades, extensive research has been devoted to developing new MOFs and to exploring their application potential in many fields, such as gas storage, separation, catalysis, sensing, and biomedicine . Early on, a handful of MOFs was found to show a low affinity toward water and a permanent porosity, and this class of hydrophobic MOFs later received increasing attention due to their potential for use in practical adsorption and separation processes, even under humid conditions or in water.…”

Self‐Supported Electrocatalysts for Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction: Hierarchical CuOx@CoO Nanorods Grown on Cu Foam

“…Metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) as new porous materials develop in recent years, which are formed by inorganic metal center and organic ligands . Because of the distinctive architectures, MOFs have broad applications in the fields of catalysis, separation, sensing, drug delivery, as well as gas storage . In recent years, MOFs have also been proved to be precursors for the preparation of porous metal oxides and carbon materials with particular activities .…”