Metal‐Organic Frameworks for CO₂ Chemical Transformations

Abstract

Carbon dioxide (CO ), as the primary greenhouse gas in the atmosphere, triggers a series of environmental and energy related problems in the world. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop multiple methods to capture and convert CO into useful chemical products, which can significantly improve the environment and promote sustainable development. Over the past several decades, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown outstanding heterogeneous catalytic activity due in part to their high internal surface area and chemical functionalities. These properties and the ability to synthesize MOF platforms allow experiments to test structure-function relationships for transforming CO into useful chemicals. Herein, recent developments are highlighted for MOFs participating as catalysts for the chemical fixation and photochemical reduction of CO . Finally, opportunities and challenges facing MOF catalysts are discussed in this ongoing research area.

Tuning Expanded Pores in Metal–Organic Frameworks for Selective Capture and Catalytic Conversion of Carbon Dioxide

“…Besides selective sorption of CO 2 with as‐synthesized MOFs to address the issue of CCS, an alternative means of mitigating carbon‐emission is to chemically convert CO 2 into value‐added products. Among various transformations, the cycloaddition reaction between CO 2 and epoxides is one of the most efficient methods, producing cyclic organic carbonates, which are widely used in the pharmaceutical and chemical industries. MOF‐based heterogeneous catalysts for this reaction have gained much attention, since Lewis acid sites are abundant in some MOF structures.…”

Metal–Organic‐Framework‐Derived Hollow N‐Doped Porous Carbon with Ultrahigh Concentrations of Single Zn Atoms for Efficient Carbon Dioxide Conversion

“…[3] To date,w hile various types of homogeneous catalysts,i ncluding Schiff bases,i onic liquids,m etal com-plexes,e tc.,w ere reported for this reaction, [3e-h] they suffer from intrinsic difficulty in product separation and catalyst recycling. [3] To date,w hile various types of homogeneous catalysts,i ncluding Schiff bases,i onic liquids,m etal com-plexes,e tc.,w ere reported for this reaction, [3e-h] they suffer from intrinsic difficulty in product separation and catalyst recycling.…”

Synthetic CO2-fixation enzyme cascades immobilized on self-assembled nanostructures that enhance CO2/O2 selectivity of RubisCO

“…Rising greenhouse gas emissions have prompted chemists, biologists, and engineers alike to explore strategies for the capture of atmospheric CO 2 and its conversion to useful products and biofuels [1, 4, 51–53]. Enzymes offer high fidelities for chemical conversions albeit being limited by structural stabilities and other metabolic constraints when operating in biological cells [5, 8].…”