Metal–organic frameworks as hypergolic additives for hybrid rockets

Abstract

Hybrid rocket propulsion can contribute to reduce launch costs by simplifying engine design and operation. Hypergolic propellants, i.e. igniting spontaneously and immediately upon contact between fuel and oxidizer, further simplify...

Experimental and Theoretical Evaluation of the Thermodynamics of the Carbonation Reaction of ZIF-8 and Its Close-Packed Polymorph with Carbon Dioxide

“…We have previously highlighted the challenge of modeling such processes, in the context of decomposition of putative metal pentazolate frameworks and of ZIF combustion. 4,54,55 In order to achieve the best possible understanding of the performance of periodic DFT calculations for calculating reaction energies involving such diverse components, we decided to employ a wider range of methods. Besides the previously used PBE 44 functional, we also introduced its modified version PBESOL, 56 which is specifically tailored to the calculations for solid materials.…”

Energetic isostructural metal imidazolate frameworks with a bridging dicyanamide linker towards high-performance hypergolic fuels

“…10,11 Hypergolic metal-organic frameworks (HMOFs) are a new class of advanced energetic materials constructed with metal centers and energetic ligands. 12,13 MOFs can provide a controllable molecular design platform with the structures and properties tuned by the variation of metal centers and energetic components, and exhibit favorable energetic properties, including high energy densities, good thermostability and outstanding mechanical strength with reinforced structures. [14][15][16][17][18][19][20] In addition, the metallic elements can dramatically reduce the activation energy and act as combustion catalysts facilitating the reaction.…”

Energetic Bimetallic MOF: A Promising Promoter for Ionic Liquid Hypergolic Ignition

“…Rogers and co-workers incorporated an acetylene or vinyl substituent to endow zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) with hypergolic properties, which opened a new application of MOFs as hypergolic fuels . In addition, applying a hypergolic linker and high-energy ligand to construct EMOFs is a strategy that endows EMOFs with intriguing hypergolic ability. , The hypergolic EMOFs, which have remarkable energy density and ultrashort ignition delay, can be applied as hypergolic additives in conventional hybrid engine fuels and advanced high-performance hypergolic materials for space exploration …”

“…27 In addition, applying a hypergolic linker and high-energy ligand to construct EMOFs is a strategy that endows EMOFs with intriguing hypergolic ability. 28,29 The hypergolic EMOFs, which have remarkable energy density and ultrashort ignition delay, can be applied as hypergolic additives in conventional hybrid engine fuels 30 and advanced high-performance hypergolic materials for space exploration. However, hypergolic EMOFs containing two metal ions in the inorganic nodes have not been reported in the current studies.…”