Metal Nanocluster—Metal Organic Framework—Polymer Hybrid Nanomaterials for Improved Hydrogen Detection

Abstract

The development of hydrogen sensors is of paramount importance for timely leak detection and remains a crucial unmet need. Palladium‐based materials, well known as hydrogen sensors, still suffer from poisoning and deactivation. Here, a hybrid hydrogen sensor consisting of a Pd nanocluster (NC) film, a metal–organic framework (MOF), and a polymer, are proposed. The polymer coating, as a protection layer, endows the sensor with excellent H2 selectivity and CO‐poisoning resistance. The MOF serves as an interface layer between the Pd NC film and the polymer layer, which alters the nature of the interaction with hydrogen and leads to significant sensing performance improvements, owing to the interfacial electronic coupling between Pd NCs and the MOF. The strategy overcomes the shortcomings of retarded response speed and degraded sensitivity induced by the polymer coating of a Pd NC film–polymer hybrid system. This is the first exhibition of a hydrogen‐sensing enhancement mechanism achieved by engineering the electronic coupling between Pd and a MOF. The work establishes a deep understanding of the hydrogen‐sensing enhancement mechanism at the nanoscale and provides a feasible strategy to engineer next‐generation gas‐sensing nanodevices with superior sensing figures of merit via hybrid material systems.

Gas Sensing Technology for the Detection and Early Warning of Battery Thermal Runaway: A Review

“…In order to solve the above problems, composite gas-sensing systems can be built with different types of gas-sensitive materials to achieve synergy and complementary effects and further enhance the physical/chemical properties of gas-sensitive materials, such as conductivity, mechanical strength, and thermal stability. Introducing a polymer coating as a gas molecular sieve or a protective layer can also endows the gas sensor with improved selectivity and prevents the poisoning and inactivation of sensing materials caused by the adsorption of interfering gases …”

“…The introduction of noble metal Pd can greatly improve the sensitivity and selectivity of H 2 sensor. Pd is a widely used gas-sensing material for H 2 because of its superior capacity to absorb and catalyze H 2 . The decorated Pd in the MOS material can play a catalytic role in splitting molecular hydrogen into atomic ones, in which the electronic sensitization and spillover effect (chemical sensitization) significantly promote the gas-sensing performance .…”

Advances in functional guest materials for resistive gas sensors

“…91 Pd is widely used as the gas sensing material for H 2 because of its superior capacity to absorb and catalyze H 2 . 26,92 Wang et al 93 prepared 2D porous TiO 2 nanosheets by a graphene oxide template method and further introduced Pd nanoparticles onto these nanosheets by an impregnation technique to obtain the nal Pd-TiO 2 nanosheets. The H 2 sensor based on Pd-TiO 2 nanosheets exhibited an instantaneous response, low detection limit (1 ppm), good selectivity and linear response (Fig.…”

“…To solve the toxic inactivation of Pd-based sensors, Xie et al 92 proposed a hybrid H 2 sensor consisting of Pd nanocluster film, MOF, and polymer (Fig. 12a–c).…”

“…In many cases, adding two or more guest materials can ameliorate these defects and dramatically improve the sensitivity. 30 To solve the toxic inactivation of Pd-based sensors, Xie et al 92 proposed a hybrid H 2 sensor consisting of Pd nanocluster lm, MOF, and polymer (Fig. 12a-c).…”