Metal isotope signatures from lava-seawater interaction during the 2018 eruption of Kīlauea

Hawco, Nicholas J.; Yang, Shun‐Chung; Foreman, Rhea K.; Funkey, Carolina P.; Dugenne, Mathilde; White, Angelicque E.; Wilson, Samuel T.; Kelly, Rachel L.; Bian, Xiaopeng; Huang, Kuo‐Fang; Karl, David M.; John, Seth G.

doi:10.1016/j.gca.2020.05.005

Cited by 27 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…8a). Cu and Cd enrichments were also observed in seawater close to Kīlauea's ocean entry in July 2018 40 . Due to the moderate-to-high volatility of all these elements (ε > 0.001%), it is likely they are, to some extent, degassing from ocean entry lavas (as previously proposed for Cu and Cd 41 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Our results suggest that laze plumes have the potential to produce higher emission rates of Cu than even large magmatic plumes. Laze plumes can transfer elements directly to the marine biosphere 25,40,41 , where elements such as Cu can act as both pollutants (e.g., ref. 86 ) and important nutrients for microorganisms 87 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, despite the hazards and potential impacts of lava ocean entry plumes on the biosphere, only a few detailed studies have been carried out (e.g., refs. [40][41][42] ) and relatively little is known about their chemistry compared to magmatic plumes.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Volatile metal emissions from volcanic degassing and lava–seawater interactions at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai’i

Mason

Wieser

Liu

et al. 2021

Commun Earth Environ

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Volcanoes represent one of the largest natural sources of metals to the Earth’s surface. Emissions of these metals can have important impacts on the biosphere as pollutants or nutrients. Here we use ground- and drone-based direct measurements to compare the gas and particulate chemistry of the magmatic and lava–seawater interaction (laze) plumes from the 2018 eruption of Kīlauea, Hawai’i. We find that the magmatic plume contains abundant volatile metals and metalloids whereas the laze plume is further enriched in copper and seawater components, like chlorine, with volatile metals also elevated above seawater concentrations. Speciation modelling of magmatic gas mixtures highlights the importance of the S2− ligand in highly volatile metal/metalloid degassing at the magmatic vent. In contrast, volatile metal enrichments in the laze plume can be explained by affinity for chloride complexation during late-stage degassing of distal lavas, which is potentially facilitated by the HCl gas formed as seawater boils.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Volatile metal emissions from volcanic degassing and lava–seawater interactions at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai’i

Mason

Wieser

Liu

et al. 2021

Commun Earth Environ

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“…If particles that have been subjected to Al adsorption were lofted into the laze plume this could provide an explanation for elevated concentrations of Al.Silicate-corrected concentrations of Cd, Zn, Ag, Cu, Bi, Re are also elevated in the laze plume above seawater. Cu and Cd enrichments were also observed in a study of seawater close to Kīlauea's ocean entry in July 201831 . Due to the relatively high volatility of all these elements (" > 0.001%), it is likely that these elements are degassing from lava at the ocean entry32 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 66%

“…However, despite the hazards and potential impacts of lava ocean entry plumes on the biosphere, only a few detailed studies have been carried out (e.g. [31][32][33] ) and relatively little is known about their chemistry compared to magmatic plumes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatile metal emissions from volcanic degassing and lava-seawater interactions at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai’i

Mason

Wieser²,

Liu³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Volcanoes represent one of the largest natural sources of metals to Earth’s surface. Emissions of these pollutants and/or nutrients have important implications for the biosphere. We compare gas and particulate chemistry, including metals, of the substantial magmatic (≥200 kt/day SO2) and lava-seawater interaction (laze) plumes from the 2018 eruption of Kīlauea, Hawai’i. The magmatic plume contains abundant volatile chalcophile metals (e.g. Se), whereas the laze is enriched in seawater components (e.g. Cl), yet Cu concentrations are 105 times higher than seawater. High-temperature speciation modelling of magmatic gases at the lava-air interface emphasises chloride’s critical role in metal/metalloid complexation during degassing. In the laze, concentrations of moderately (Cu, Zn, Ag) to highly volatile (Bi, Cd) metals are elevated above seawater. These metals have an affinity for chloride and are derived from late-stage degassing of distal lavas, potentially facilitated by the HCl gas formed as seawater boils. Understanding these processes yields insights into the environmental impacts of volcanism in the present day and geological past.

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Iron depletion in the deep chlorophyll maximum: mesoscale eddies as natural iron fertilization experiments

Hawco

Barone

Church

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Approximately 30% of the ocean's surface is subject to phytoplankton iron (Fe) limitation, especially in the Equatorial Pacific and Southern Oceans where upwelling provides a large flux of nitrate (NO 3 − ) and other nutrients (Moore et al., 2001(Moore et al., , 2013. Elsewhere, stratification of the upper ocean leads to depletion of NO 3 − , ammonia, and other bioavailable forms of nitrogen. In stratified oligotrophic gyres, shallow mixed layers also act to concentrate Fe deposited at the ocean's surface by atmospheric sources (Boyle et al., 2005;Sedwick et al., 2005). The large flux of Fe relative to NO 3 − in these ecosystems results in nitrogen limitation of photosynthesis and selects for phytoplankton like the cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus (Ward et al., 2013;Wu et al., 2000), whose small size allows them to outcompete other phytoplankton for recycled nitrogen species found at nanomolar concentrations (Morel et al., 1991).However, the same stratification that leads to Fe-rich conditions in the surface ocean can also impede Fe supply to the subsurface. Shallow mixed layers ensure that Fe derived from dust deposition does not reach the entirety of the euphotic zone, which can extend below 100 m in subtropical gyres. Stratification also limits the supply of regenerated Fe from below the euphotic zone. Indeed, a common feature of dFe profiles within subtropical gyres is a concentration minimum between 75 and 150 m (Bruland et al., 1994;Fitzsimmons et al., 2015;Sedwick et al., 2005). This subsurface dFe minimum often coincides with the deep chlorophyll maximum (DCM), a unique habitat where low irradiance drives phytoplankton photo-acclimation, increasing chlorophyll per cell to improve photosynthetic light capture (Letelier et al., 2004). Theoretical arguments suggest the increases in chlorophyll per cell should be matched by an equivalent increase in the number of Fe-bearing photosynthetic reaction

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Metal isotope signatures from lava-seawater interaction during the 2018 eruption of Kīlauea

Cited by 27 publications

References 85 publications

Volatile metal emissions from volcanic degassing and lava–seawater interactions at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai’i

Volatile metal emissions from volcanic degassing and lava–seawater interactions at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai’i

Volatile metal emissions from volcanic degassing and lava-seawater interactions at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai’i

Iron depletion in the deep chlorophyll maximum: mesoscale eddies as natural iron fertilization experiments

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