Metal ions-purine interactions: Dichloro-gold(III) complexes of some theophylline derivatives

Colacio-Rodríguez, E.; Salas-Peregrín, J.M.; Carretero, M. N. Moreno

doi:10.1007/bf00811263

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Organic compounds containing electron-negative oxygen and nitrogen atoms are the most suitable ligand species for gold ions [202–205]. Sun et al [206] reported electroplating of gold from a cyanide-free electroplating bath containing hypoxanthine as an additive.…”

Section: Different Types Of Gold Electroplating Bathsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive review of various non-cyanide electroplating baths for the production of silver and gold coatings

Satpathy

Jena

Das

et al. 2023

International Materials Reviews

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Cyanide-based baths are generally used industrially to produce silver and gold coatings via electroplating. Baths containing ([Au(CN) 2 ] − ) and ([Ag(CN) 2 ] − ) are used for the deposition of gold and silver coatings, respectively. However, due to the severe toxicity, the technical personnel involved in work are at risk. Additionally, the disposal of cyanide-containing wastes poses a significant threat to the environment as they pollute various natural resources. The coatings produced from alkaline cyanide-based baths cause embrittlement of electronic circuit patterns. Due to these reasons, many cyanide-free baths have started to replace the existing cyanide-based baths. In the cyanide-free baths, the primary cyanide complexing agent is replaced with eco-friendly alternative compounds like sulphite, thiosulphate, thiourea, DMH, EDTA, and ionic liquids (ILs). This review article provides an overview of the various cyanide-free electroplating baths available for electroplating silver and gold that are either used for commercial practice or are developed for laboratory-scale use.

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Section: Different Types Of Gold Electroplating Bathsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive review of various non-cyanide electroplating baths for the production of silver and gold coatings

Satpathy

Jena

Das

et al. 2023

International Materials Reviews

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“…We here therefore select the enol form of hypoxanthine as the research object. Colacio et al 28,29 pointed out that xanthine and its derivatives could coordinate with Au(III) in 2:1 molar ratio, and the N atoms in xanthine and its derivatives were the coordination atoms. Hypoxanthine is the derivative of xanthine and possesses four N atoms and one O atom.…”

Section: Compositionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemistry and Coordination Behaviors of Hypoxanthine-Au(III) Ion in the Cyanide-Free Gold Electrodeposition

Jin

Yang

et al. 2020

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Alkaloid hypoxanthine is a novel complexant for green cyanide-free Au(III) electrodeposition. In this work, the electrochemical and coordination behaviors of hypoxanthine-Au(III) ion in the green cyanide-free bath are studied. The electrochemical behavior confirms that hypoxanthine-Au(III) ion is in the irreversible two-step electro-reductions with the first controlled by diffusion and the second by diffusion and electrochemistry. The stability constant of hypoxanthine-Au(III) ion is 4.8 × 10 30 . DFT calculations further indicate that the optimal coordination structure is N3-Au-N7 with the N-Au average bond energy of 11.03 eV. The bath component of potassium citrate plays almost no influence, whereas the additive of sulfocompounds shows a significant effect on the electro-reduction of hypoxanthine-Au(III) ion. Based on the cyanide-free Au(III) electrodeposition bath, the obtained gold coating is fine and compact in grains without organic inclusion and in the resistivity of 2.84 × 10 −8 Ω•m.

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“…According to the theory of soft and hard acids, 11 organic compound molecule containing highly electron-negative O and N atoms are the potential satisfactory ligands for gold ions. [12][13][14] Sun et al 15 introduced an environmentally friendly solution with hypoxanthine for electrodeposition of bright gold. Che et al 16 reported that Au(III) can form a stable complex with the N atoms in tetraphenylporphyrin.…”

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confidence: 99%

Influence of Composite Additive on Gold Electrodeposition in DMH-Based Electrolyte: Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2020

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The comparison of macroscopic appearance and microscopic morphology of gold electrodeposit determined PHEN as the main brightener for its effective influence on refining the grains, resulting in a golden bright and shiny deposit. Improving the flatness of deposit when used together with PHEN, PDDA was the auxiliary brightener, thereby obtaining thicker deposits. Results of TEM and XRD showed that the average size of refined gold crystals was about 20 nm. We speculated from the patterns of XPS that the action of the additive molecule is to adsorb on the metal surface. Combined electrochemical measurements and MD simulations revealed that both PHEN and PDDA molecules could steadily adsorb on the surface of Ni and Au, increasing the polarization of the cathode surface and promote the refinement of grains. PHEN was the main additive when used as a composite additive for its higher adsorption energy than PDDA. The effective adsorption of PHEN and PDDA molecules led to the enhancement of cathodic polarization, causing the negative shift of potential and the decrease of current in cyclic voltammetry of the second step reduction. The chronoamperometry measurements indicated that the nucleation process was a progressive model. The grain growth was significantly inhibited when the additives were used.

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Metal ions-purine interactions: Dichloro-gold(III) complexes of some theophylline derivatives

Cited by 8 publications

References 31 publications

A comprehensive review of various non-cyanide electroplating baths for the production of silver and gold coatings

A comprehensive review of various non-cyanide electroplating baths for the production of silver and gold coatings

Electrochemistry and Coordination Behaviors of Hypoxanthine-Au(III) Ion in the Cyanide-Free Gold Electrodeposition

Influence of Composite Additive on Gold Electrodeposition in DMH-Based Electrolyte: Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study

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