Metal ion filtering of vacuum arc ion source through an inclined-aperture extraction grid

Lan, Chaohui; Long, Jinlin; Liang, Zheng; Dong, Peng; Li, Jie; He, Jiang

doi:10.1088/1361-6595/ab1a90

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…The first one is the ideal uniform distribution as presented in figure 6a. Although the uniform distribution is difficult to achieve in experiments, it is still widely used for numerical study for the comprehension of vacuum arc discharge plasma [12,13]. The second one is the Gaussian distribution.…”

Section: Roles Of Extraction Gridmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The methods to increase the extracted H + /D + ion fraction have been widely studied experimentally and theoretically. These methods are based on the magnetic field to filter out metal ions [9], the filter based on the difference of angular distribution of light nonmental ions and metal ions during vacuum arc plasma expansion [10,11], the specially designed extraction grid including double-layer and inclined-aperture ones [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical study on variable aperture extraction grids of a titanium hydride cathodic vacuum arc ion source

Zhou

et al. 2022

J. Inst.

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Titanium hydride cathodic vacuum arc ion sources are widely used in particle accelerators, neutron sources, etc. For the application in neutron sources, higher H+/D+ fraction and higher beam uniformity are preferred. In this work, to improve the beam uniformity of a miniature titanium hydride cathodic vacuum arc ion source, a new scheme of variable aperture extraction grids is proposed. A 2D numerical model is developed for the investigation of the variable aperture extraction grids. Numerical results indicate that the extraction grid plays important roles in the titanium hydride cathodic vacuum arc ion source that can improve the stability of ion source. Moreover, simulated results show that the designed variable aperture extraction grids can reduce the beam nonuniformity to less than ±10%, while the beam nonuniformity of the fixed aperture extraction grids are between ±22% and ±37%. Thus, the presented work can provide a potential reference for the improvement of beam uniformity of the vacuum arc ion sources.

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Section: Roles Of Extraction Gridmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical study on variable aperture extraction grids of a titanium hydride cathodic vacuum arc ion source

Zhou

et al. 2022

J. Inst.

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“…Another important property of deuterium ions is their velocity separation from the cathode heavy metal ions [1,8,11,17]. This separation phenomenon has aroused significant interest for optimizing the structural design of vacuum arc ion sources [7]. However, some other measurements observed no velocity separation between light and heavy ions [2,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the properties of deuterium ions in a composite cathode vacuum arc discharge

Song,

Sun,

Yang

et al. 2024

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

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Vacuum arc discharge with metal-deuteride cathode can generate supersonic deuterium ion jet, which finds important applications in vacuum arc ions sources. In this study, a 1D3V spherical PIC-DSMC cathode spot model with titanium-deuteride cathode is developed to investigate the ionization and acceleration of deuterium ions from vacuum breakdown to steady-arc stage. The effects of cathode deuteration concentration on the deuterium ion fraction and kinetic energy are also analyzed. The results show that the released deuterium atoms start to be ionized at about tens of nanometers far away from cathode and then be fully-ionized at about 2 μm as cathode potential drop gradually building up. The proportion of deuterium ions in plasma is approximately same as the proportion of deuterium atoms in cathode material. Velocity separation of deuterium and titanium ions occurs due to the acceleration of electric field during the vacuum breakdown stage, however, the predominant ion-ion coulomb collisions wipe out this separation at the steady-arc stage. Shifting the deuterium atoms concentration in cathode under the constant arc burning voltage produces an approximately equal current density, and increases the velocities of all ion species. The higher ion kinetic energy is gained by reducing the ohmic heating dissipation, which is facilitated by the lower plasma resistivity under the increased deuterium ion density.

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“…The discovery of this phenomenon provides an idea for improving the performance of ion source [18] and film deposition [19]. Therefore, it is necessary to study the physical mechanism of separation of light ions and heavy ions in multicomponent vacuum arc discharge, which could provide theoretical guidance for further improving the performance of ion source and film deposition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of ion separation mechanism in the multi-component vacuum arc discharge

Sun¹,

Zhou²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

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The separation phenomenon of light and heavy ions was widely observed experimentally in the vacuum arc discharge with multi-component composite cathode. In this work, a two-dimensional axisymmetric multi-fluid model is used to study the separation mechanism in the multi-component composite cathode vacuum arc. The multi-component vacuum arcs are simulated as a whole which includes separate cathode spot jets, the mixing region, and common arc column. The results show that the plasma jets originated from the separate cathode spot mix together to form a common arc column after a certain distance from the cathode. Due to the rapid increase of ion temperature dozens of times in mixing region of cathode spot jet, the effect of pressure gradient becomes far greater than that of the collisions between light and heavy ions. This leads to a shift in the predominant ion motion mechanism from ion-ion collision (single cathode spot jet region) to pressure expansion (the mixing region). Finally, the light ions gain higher velocities under pressure expansion. In addition, the effect of thermal conductivity and viscosity leads to the wider high temperature regions for light ions, thus making a wider distribution of corresponding ion flux. The numerical results are qualitatively consistent with the experimental results. This paper provides an insight into ion separation mechanism in the multi-component vacuum arc.

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Metal ion filtering of vacuum arc ion source through an inclined-aperture extraction grid

Cited by 4 publications

References 18 publications

Numerical study on variable aperture extraction grids of a titanium hydride cathodic vacuum arc ion source

Numerical study on variable aperture extraction grids of a titanium hydride cathodic vacuum arc ion source

Study on the properties of deuterium ions in a composite cathode vacuum arc discharge

Study of ion separation mechanism in the multi-component vacuum arc discharge

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