Metal Halide Perovskite Nanowires: Controllable Synthesis, Mechanism, and Application in Optoelectronic Devices

Abstract

Metal halide perovskites are promising energy materials because of their high absorption coefficients, long carrier lifetimes, strong photoluminescence, and low cost. Low-dimensional halide perovskites, especially one-dimensional (1D) halide perovskite nanowires (NWs), have become a hot research topic in optoelectronics owing to their excellent optoelectronic properties. Herein, we review the synthetic strategies and mechanisms of halide perovskite NWs in recent years, such as hot injection, vapor phase growth, selfassembly, and solvothermal synthesis. Furthermore, we summarize their applications in optoelectronics, including lasers, photodetectors, and solar cells. Finally, we propose possible perspectives for the development of halide perovskite NWs.

Morphology-Controlled Vapor-Phase Nanowire Growth with Ruddlesden–Popper Lead Bromide Perovskite

“…Considering the superior light emission properties of 2D perovskites over the 3D counterparts, it is therefore anticipated that the NWs, when made with 2D perovskites, will have even greater advantages in overcoming gain thresholds at much lower power levels. , However, growth of single-crystalline NWs of 2D perovskites has been rare because the most favored crystal morphologies of 2D perovskite crystals are macroscopic thin sheets and ribbons when synthesized by common solution-phase methods. − These thin sheets with sub-50 nm thicknesses do not support strongly-confined optical modes, preventing them from experiencing cavity-coupled optical enhancements. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) has demonstrated remarkable success in growing nanocrystals in sizes and shapes that are not observed from closed-reactor solution-phase syntheses with a variety of II–VI, III–V, and perovskite semiconductors. − Moreover, CVD-grown nanocrystals exhibit higher crystal quality, lower defect density, and cleaner surfaces, all of which will lead to higher radiative recombination of excitons . We find limited examples of CVD-grown 2D perovskite NWs only with BA 2 PbI 4 , while BA 2 PbBr 4 has been grown in microplatelets .…”

Ultrafast Antisolvent Growth of Single-Crystal CsPbBr3 Microcavity for Whispering-Gallery-Mode Lasing

“…Small lasers show great application potential in optical integration, high-speed communication, and high-resolution imaging. Over the past few decades, a wide variety of semiconductor nanostructures, including nanowires, nanoribbons, and quantum dots, have been used as active materials for small lasers [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ]. Recently, lead halide perovskites have attracted considerable interest in photovoltaics research due to their high absorption coefficient, substantial carrier diffusion length, and minimal density of defects.…”