Metal-free scintillators excite X-ray community

Chen, Jia-Kai; Shirahata, Naoto; Sun, Hong‐Tao

doi:10.1038/s41566-020-00751-1

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…X-ray detection is indispensable in the field of homeland security, medical diagnostics, nondestructive inspection, and X-ray space communication. − Two typical strategies of an X-ray detector include the direct conversion from the X-ray signal to the electrical current − and the indirect strategy where X-ray photons are converted into light which can be captured by the optical device. − Compared with traditional rigid flat panel X-ray detectors, flexible sensing devices have received considerable attention due to its portability and its ability to be readily shaped to fit the nonplanar and confined application scenarios. However, active sensing materials for X-ray detection broadly utilize heavy metals, especially lead and cadmium, , which could potentially cause severe health risks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible Lead-Free X-ray Detector from Metal–Organic Frameworks

Chang

Zhang

et al. 2021

Nano Lett.

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Semiconductive metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) obtained by specific host–guest interactions have attracted a large interest in the last two decades, promising development of next-generation electronic devices. Herein, we designed and presented flexible X-ray detectors using Ni-DABDT (DABDT = 2,5-diamino-1,4-benzenedithiol dihydrochloride) MOFs as the absorbing layer. The π–d coupling interactions of Ni-DABDT throughout the framework implement a conspicuous carrier transportation pathway. The detector that converts X-ray photons directly into carriers manifests an attractive achievement with high detection sensitivity of 98.6 μC Gyair –1 cm–2, with a low detection limit of 7.2 μGyair s–1 for the radiation robustness. This work provides insights for next-generation green and high-performance flexible sensor detectors by utilizing MOF materials with the benefits of a designable structure and tunable property, demonstrating a proof-of-concept in wearable X-ray detectors for radiation monitoring and imaging.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible Lead-Free X-ray Detector from Metal–Organic Frameworks

Chang

Zhang

et al. 2021

Nano Lett.

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“…However, the high preparation temperature, scarce resources, and potential toxicity to the environment and human bodies of these materials may limit their practical applications. Metal-free organic scintillators have natural advantages such as milder preparation conditions, good mechanical flexibility, and large-area fabrication [ 19 , 21 , 22 ]. For this reason, metal-free organic scintillators are good candidates for scintillation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Halogenated Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Materials for Efficient Scintillation

et al. 2023

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Organic scintillators, materials with the ability to exhibit luminescence when exposed to X-rays, have aroused increasing interest in recent years. However, the enhancement of radioluminescence and improving X-ray absorption of organic scintillators lie in the inherent dilemma, due to the waste of triplet excitons and weak X-ray absorption during scintillation. Here, we employ halogenated thermally activated delayed fluorescence materials to improve the triplet exciton utilization and X-ray absorption simultaneously, generating efficient scintillation with a low detection limit, which is one order of magnitude lower than the dosage for X-ray medical diagnostics. Through experimental study and theoretical calculation, we reveal the positive role of X-ray absorption, quantum yields of prompt fluorescence, and intersystem crossing in promoting the radioluminescence intensity. This finding offers an opportunity to design diverse types of organic scintillators and expands the applications of thermally activated delayed fluorescence.

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“…Two typical readout mechanisms for real-time X-ray imaging include the direct conversion of X-ray signals to electrical signals [1,2] and the conversion of X-rays to visible photons that can be captured by optical devices. [3][4][5][6][7][8] X-ray detection with this readout In this work, Cs 0.02 Na 0.98 LuF 4 : 0.15Tb 3+ nanocrystals were synthesized using a co-precipitation method, and the corresponding nanocrystals embedded within flexible transparent films were prepared to enable an X-ray time-lapse imaging. Thanks to the constructed deep traps, the imaging information is accurately presented with a high spatial resolution even after the cessation of X-ray over 100 h. It indicates that the development of Cs 0.02 Na 0.98 LuF 4 : 0.15Tb 3+ nanocrystals enable the long-term storage of imaging information, which guarantees the accuracy of the information for time-lapse imaging and could expand the range of applications for X-ray imaging accordingly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two typical readout mechanisms for real‐time X‐ray imaging include the direct conversion of X‐ray signals to electrical signals [ 1,2 ] and the conversion of X‐rays to visible photons that can be captured by optical devices. [ 3–8 ] X‐ray detection with this readout approach provides promising applications in medical diagnostics, security screening, and industrial inspections. [ 9,10 ] Although real‐time X‐ray imaging has made great progress in X‐ray detection, its complex imaging system and the hazards of ionizing radiation [ 11,12 ] still needed to be improved for its practical application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precision X‐Ray Time‐Lapse Flexible Imaging from Fluoride Nanocrystals with the Constructed Deep Traps

Peng,

Chen,

et al. 2023

Advanced Optical Materials

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X‐ray time‐lapse imaging allows for precise radiographic imaging of the item after X‐ray has been terminated, which is important for simplifying legacy X‐ray detectors and avoiding health hazards caused by ionizing radiation during the imaging process. However, the premature discharge of carriers from shallow traps at room temperature over time leads to the loss of imaging information, making an accurate representation of the recorded information to achieve accurate time‐lapse imaging still a challenge. Here, it is demonstrated that monodispersed NaLuF4: Tb3+ nanocrystals with the replacement of Na+ by Cs+ ions in the lattice matrix realize a superior X‐ray time‐lapse imaging. It is found that the incorporation of Cs+ ions amplifies the deep trap storage capacity, which ensures the stable presence of carriers under thermal perturbation at room temperature. Imaging information with a spatial resolution of 12.0 lp mm−1 can be accurately represented even after the irradiation of the X‐ray has been terminated for 192 h. X‐ray time‐lapse imaging not only allows accurate reading of long‐term stored imaging information but also endows the visualization of X‐ray imaging independent of the dangerous radiation, which will offer great opportunities for X‐ray inspection on a larger scale.

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Metal-free scintillators excite X-ray community

Abstract: Scintillators used in X-ray detectors typically require the use of heavy metal atoms to efficiently harvest ionizing radiation. Now the use of halogens is shown to yield efficient, metal-free organic scintillators.

Cited by 16 publications

References 13 publications

Flexible Lead-Free X-ray Detector from Metal–Organic Frameworks

Flexible Lead-Free X-ray Detector from Metal–Organic Frameworks

Halogenated Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Materials for Efficient Scintillation

Precision X‐Ray Time‐Lapse Flexible Imaging from Fluoride Nanocrystals with the Constructed Deep Traps

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