Metal-cladding directly defined active integrated optical waveguide device based on erbium-containing polymer

Abstract

The Er-containing polymer is synthesized by free-radical polymerization. Based on the copolymer, metal-cladding directly defined waveguide technique is proposed. The technique is advantageous to realize the multi-functional integrated circuits.

High-gain polymer optical waveguide amplifiers based on core-shell NaYF4/NaLuF4: Yb3+, Er3+ NPs-PMMA covalent-linking nanocomposites

“…EDWAs can be integrated with other optical devices, such as splitters, couplers, and switches as active integrated optical waveguide devices networks, which have important applications in optical communication, phase array antennas, optical computers, and optical systems. Erbium-doped waveguide amplifiers could offer a unique highly integrated optical signal processing platform with benefits of low loss, compact, flexible design of optical properties, and cost-effective features for high density integrated devices56. Various materials have been investigated to fabricated EDWAs, including Er 3+ doped in Al 2 O 3 78, Y 2 O 3 , LiNbO 3 crystal910, phosphate glass11, and polymeric materials12.…”