Metal chelators and neurotoxicity: lead, mercury, and arsenic

Bjørklund, Geir; Mutter, Joachim; Aaseth, Jan

doi:10.1007/s00204-017-2100-0

Cited by 99 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 94 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These drugs or their analogs offer therapeutic benefit in acute arsenic poisoning when administered promptly [200]. Due to the limited ability of crossing the blood-brain barrier, loss of essential metals in the body, low cellular membrane penetration, and potential side effects in the kidney and liver, the use of metal chelators is limited [197,201].…”

Section: Potential Application Of Antioxidants To Rescue Arsenic Toximentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Arsenic Toxicity

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Arsenic poisoning is a global health problem. Chronic exposure to arsenic has been associated with the development of a wide range of diseases and health problems in humans. Arsenic exposure induces the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), which mediate multiple changes to cell behavior by altering signaling pathways and epigenetic modifications, or cause direct oxidative damage to molecules. Antioxidants with the potential to reduce ROS levels have been shown to ameliorate arsenic-induced lesions. However, emerging evidence suggests that constructive activation of antioxidative pathways and decreased ROS levels contribute to chronic arsenic toxicity in some cases. This review details the pathways involved in arsenic-induced redox imbalance, as well as current studies on prophylaxis and treatment strategies using antioxidants.

show abstract

Section: Potential Application Of Antioxidants To Rescue Arsenic Toximentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Arsenic Toxicity

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There is convincing evidence that some metals, notably chromium and nickel, can cause cancer, and tentative evidence for many more [10]. The form of metals may increase their toxicity: dimethyl mercury and tetraethyl lead are particularly dangerous since they may easily enter the body and remain there as a result of their high lipid solubility [4,11]. Volatile metals and their compounds may also be dangerous since they may enter the body through the lungs [12], while organomercurials may pass through the placenta [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Gateway to Metal Resistance: Bacterial Response to Heavy Metal Toxicity in the Biological Environment

Aljerf¹

2018

Ann Adv Chem

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Heavy metals and metalloids are dangerous because they have the tendency to bioaccumulate in biological organisms over a period of time. However, it is conceived that a number of phytochemical agents as well microorganism can act as heavy metal removing agent both from human beings and the environment surrounding. For instance, microbes are used for the removal of heavy metals from the water bodies including bacteria, fungi, algae and yeast. This review shows that bacteria can play an important role in understanding the uptake and potential removal behaviour of heavy metal ions. The bacteria are chosen based on their resistance to heavy metals (incl. their toxicities) and capacity of adsorbing them. Due to specifi c resistance transfer factors, cell impermeability is drastically inhibited by several ion (i.e. mercury, cadmium, cobalt, copper, arsenic) forms. Between these elements, free-ion cadmium and copper concentrations in the biological medium provide more accurate determination of metal concentrations that affect the bacteria, than with most of the other existing media. Metal toxicity is usually assessed by using appropriate metal ion chelators and adjusting pH factor. Bacteria and metals in the ecosystem can form synergistic or antagonistic relationships, supplying each other with nutrients or energy sources, or producing toxins to reduce growth and competition for limiting nutritional elements. Thus, this relation may present a more sustainable approach for the restoration of contaminated sources.

show abstract

“…However, due to the rather high toxicity of BAL, and the necessity of frequent and inconvenient intramuscular administrations [91,92], the clinical use of this drug is currently restricted to only the initial treatment for few days after acute As intoxications [93]. Water-soluble and less toxic derivatives of BAL have been developed for therapeutic use, viz.…”

Section: Treatment Of Arsenic Poisoningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arsenic Toxicity: Molecular Targets and Therapeutic Agents

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

High arsenic (As) levels in food and drinking water, or under some occupational conditions, can precipitate chronic toxicity and in some cases cancer. Millions of people are exposed to unacceptable amounts of As through drinking water and food. Highly exposed individuals may develop acute, subacute, or chronic signs of poisoning, characterized by skin lesions, cardiovascular symptoms, and in some cases, multi-organ failure. Inorganic arsenite(III) and organic arsenicals with the general formula R-As2+ are bound tightly to thiol groups, particularly to vicinal dithiols such as dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA), which together with some seleno-enzymes constitute vulnerable targets for the toxic action of As. In addition, R-As2+-compounds have even higher affinity to selenol groups, e.g., in thioredoxin reductase that also possesses a thiol group vicinal to the selenol. Inhibition of this and other ROS scavenging seleno-enzymes explain the oxidative stress associated with arsenic poisoning. The development of chelating agents, such as the dithiols BAL (dimercaptopropanol), DMPS (dimercapto-propanesulfonate) and DMSA (dimercaptosuccinic acid), took advantage of the fact that As had high affinity towards vicinal dithiols. Primary prevention by reducing exposure of the millions of people exposed to unacceptable As levels should be the prioritized strategy. However, in acute and subacute and even some cases with chronic As poisonings chelation treatment with therapeutic dithiols, in particular DMPS appears promising as regards alleviation of symptoms. In acute cases, initial treatment with BAL combined with DMPS should be considered.

show abstract

Metal chelators and neurotoxicity: lead, mercury, and arsenic

Cited by 99 publications

References 94 publications

The Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Arsenic Toxicity

The Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Arsenic Toxicity

A Gateway to Metal Resistance: Bacterial Response to Heavy Metal Toxicity in the Biological Environment

Arsenic Toxicity: Molecular Targets and Therapeutic Agents

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About