Metal-catalyzed reductive deamination of glutamic acid to bio-based dimethyl glutarate and methylamines

Abstract

Glutamic acid was successfully converted into dimethyl glutarate and trimethylamine by a Pt based reductive deamination at 225 °C in methanol.

Protein‐Rich Biomass Waste as a Resource for Future Biorefineries: State of the Art, Challenges, and Opportunities

“…In the next sections various (bio)chemical conversion technologies for amino acids will be discussed (Figure ). Depending on the conversion technology and the target products, the substrate scope comprises either one amino acid, a selected mixture of amino acids or the entire protein hydrolysate …”

“…Moreover, the reaction was performed under a reducing atmosphere containing toxic H 2 S (20 vol %) to facilitate the elimination of NH 3 , though it is known that noble metal catalysts are easily deactivated by irreversible chemisorption of reduced sulfur species . Very recently, De Vos and co‐workers developed a two‐step chemocatalytic process for the deamination of glutamic acid to dimethyl glutarate and trimethylamine . In a first step, glutamic acid is modified to N , N ‐dimethylglutamic acid by a mild Pd‐catalyzed reductive N ‐alkylation in water using formaldehyde under H 2 atmosphere.…”

“… Transformation of glutamic acid into dimethyl glutarate and trimethylamine by Pd‐catalyzed reductive N ‐alkylation in water and Pt‐catalyzed reductive deamination in methanol …”

Resource Upgrading in Advanced Supercritical Fluid (Supercritical Fluid with Catalyst and Cosolvent): Liquid Fuels from Biomass in Sub and Supercritical Water and Carbohydrate Up-Conversion in Ionic Liquid and Supercritical Fluids Mixtures

“…As amino acids to be key compounds in biomass refinery, there have also been some reports concerning conversion of amino acids into chemicals with solid additives. It was reported that Pt/TiO 2 promotes the reductive deamination of glutamic acid derivatives to form organic acids at 225°C for 24 h [54]. By the same research group of [54], decarbonylation of amino acids was attempted by Ru-based catalyst [55].…”

“…It was reported that Pt/TiO 2 promotes the reductive deamination of glutamic acid derivatives to form organic acids at 225°C for 24 h [54]. By the same research group of [54], decarbonylation of amino acids was attempted by Ru-based catalyst [55]. Reductive (hydrogenation) decarbonylation of valine to isobutylamine was developed in the presence of Ru-catalyst with isobutylamine yield of 87% in hydrothermal water at 150°C for 2 h.…”