Metal Catalysis in Micellar Media

Strukul, Giorgio; Fabris, Fabrizio; Scarso, Alessandro

doi:10.1002/9783527832033.ch31

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Nevertheless, a more general and viable approach to cope with the low solubility of organic reagents and metal catalysts in water is to make use of surfactants and the spontaneous formation of micellar aqueous media. The aggregates formed by the hydrophobic effect in water act as nanoreactors ( Figure 1 ) [ 24 , 25 , 26 ]. This leads to higher local concentrations with rate enhancement and specific solvation effects [ 27 , 28 ], positively affecting product chemo-, regio-, and stereo-selectivity [ 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Micellar Catalysis Green Chemistry?

et al. 2023

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Many years ago, twelve principles were defined for carrying out chemical reactions and processes from a green chemistry perspective. It is everyone’s endeavor to take these points into account as far as possible when developing new processes or improving existing ones. Especially in the field of organic synthesis, a new area of research has thus been established: micellar catalysis. This review article addresses the question of whether micellar catalysis is green chemistry by applying the twelve principles to micellar reaction media. The review shows that many reactions can be transferred from an organic solvent to a micellar medium, but that the surfactant also has a crucial role as a solubilizer. Thus, the reactions can be carried out in a much more environmentally friendly manner and with less risk. Moreover, surfactants are being reformulated in their design, synthesis, and degradation to add extra advantages to micellar catalysis to match all the twelve principles of green chemistry.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Micellar Catalysis Green Chemistry?

et al. 2023

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Nanoconfinement Effects of Micellar Media in Asymmetric Catalysis

et al. 2022

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Replacement of organic solvents, in particular chlorinated, aromatic, and polar aprotic ones, is an emerging issue that can find a solution in the development of catalytic reactions in water. Nature performs a multitude of chemical transformations in water under mild conditions mediated by enzymes. In particular the nanoconfinement effects of the enzymes ensure high activity and impressive stereoselectivities. Micellar catalysis is nowadays a real alternative approach to catalysis in traditional organic media, enabling good activity under mild conditions, with the advantage of possible catalyst and micellar medium recycling. Micellar media emerged also as good nano‐environments for stereoselective reactions, with many examples of chemical transformations mediated by metal and organo‐catalysts for which improvements of stereoselectivity were observed with respect to the same reaction under homogeneous conditions in traditional organic solvents. More specifically, both the catalytically active site and the micelles provided by the surfactant can contribute to the asymmetric induction, partially resembling what known in terms of stereoselectivity imparted by the active site of enzymes and metallo‐enzymes.

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