Metal bioaccumulation in common carp and rudd from the Topolnitsa reservoir, Bulgaria

Abstract

Concentrations of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) were determined in water samples and five fish organs (gills, liver, kidney, spleen, and muscle) of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) and common rudd (Scardinius erythrophthalmus L.) from the Topolnitsa reservoir (Bulgaria) in three seasons (spring, summer, and autumn). This water ecosystem is located in a copper mining and metallurgical region. Water metal concentrations were significantly higher in the summer than in the spring (p<0.05). Moreover, As, Cd, Cu, and Zn concentrations were higher than the national limits. Qualitative factors "element" and "fish organ" had a stronger influence on metal bioaccumulation than the factors "season" and "fish species". In fish, the highest metal levels were detected in the liver, spleen, kidney and gills, and the lowest in the dorsal muscle. Tissue levels were higher in the summer, but in general they were similar between the two Cyprinid fish. Fish muscles had the lowest metal levels at all times, but As and Pb exceeded the national and international standards. Therefore, we would not recommend fish consumption from Topolnitsa, as continuous metal contamination of the reservoir may seem to present human health risk.

Co-occurrence of Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Cyanotoxins and Trace Elements in Commercial Fish Species from a Freshwater Protected Area (Pertusillo Lake, Southern Italy)

“…However, our Hg levels are very similar to those found by Stong et al [20] in common carp from Lake Chapala in Mexico, but very higher than those reported by Vicarova et al [21] in the same species from three reservoirs in the Czech Republic. For Cd and Pb, the levels in this study are in line with values reported by Yancheva et al [22] in muscle tissue of common carp from Topolnitsa reservoir in Bulgaria. For essential metals, our Cr values are in good agreement with results found in the muscle tissues of common carp from the uncontaminated fishponds in the Czech Republic [23] and Kabul River in Pakistan [24].…”

Parental dietary seleno-L-methionine exposure and resultant offspring developmental toxicity

“…Whether the color change we observed signifies actual alteration in structure and function of the organ is yet to be determined. Examination of adult fish ( Silurus glanis, Cyprinus carpio, Scardinius erythrophthalmus ) led investigators to regard the spleen as an important depot for metals including Se (Jovičić et al, 2015; Yancheva et al, 2014). However, it is difficult to assess Se content in the developing fish spleen.…”

Cadmium and Lead Content in Chosen Commercial Fishery Products Consumed in Poland and Risk Estimations on Fish Consumption

“…Toxic metals are unevenly distributed. Most of them are accumulated in the liver and kidneys [30–32]. The meat of herrings contains more toxic metals than other sea fish [20, 33].…”