Metagenomic sequencing provides new insights into the subgingival bacteriome and aetiopathology of periodontitis

Ng, Ethan; Tay, John Rong Hao; Balan, Preethi; Ong, Marianne Meng Ann; Bostancı, Nagihan; Belibasakis, Georgios N.; Seneviratne, Chaminda Jayampath

doi:10.1111/jre.12811

Cited by 33 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 65 publications

(96 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…As expected, the microbial composition of the different groups varied largely throughout the study. Although cross-sectional studies have found an association of individual organisms with the disease, the oral microbiome’s relative composition varies from study to study [ 31 – 33 ]. Our results show that the microbial communities in our samples followed oscillating patterns significantly different in the three clinical groups studied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term dynamics of the human oral microbiome during clinical disease progression

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Oral microbiome dysbiosis is linked to overt inflammation of tooth-supporting tissues, leading to periodontitis, an oral condition that can cause tooth and bone loss. Microbiome dysbiosis has been described as a disruption in the symbiotic microbiota composition’s stability that could adversely affect the host’s health status. However, the precise microbiome dynamics that lead to dysbiosis and the progression of the disease are largely unknown. The objective of our study was to investigate the long-term dynamics of periodontitis progression and its connection to dysbiosis. Results We studied three different teeth groups: sites that showed disease progression, sites that remained stable during the study, and sites that exhibited a cyclic deepening followed by spontaneous recovery. Time-series analysis revealed that communities followed a characteristic succession of bacteria clusters. Stable and fluctuating sites showed high asynchrony in the communities (i.e., different species responding dissimilarly through time) and a reordering of the communities where directional changes dominated (i.e., sample distance increases over time) in the stable sites but not in the fluctuating sites. Progressing sites exhibited low asynchrony and convergence (i.e., samples distance decreases over time). Moreover, new species were more likely to be recruited in stable samples if a close relative was not recruited previously. In contrast, progressing and fluctuating sites followed a neutral recruitment model, indicating that competition between closely related species is a significant component of species-species interactions in stable samples. Finally, periodontal treatment did not select similar communities but stabilized α-diversity, centered the abundance of different clusters to the mean, and increased community rearrangement. Conclusions Here, we show that ecological principles can define dysbiosis and explain the evolution and outcomes of specific microbial communities of the oral microbiome in periodontitis progression. All sites showed an ecological succession in community composition. Stable sites were characterized by high asynchrony, a reordering of the communities where directional changes dominated, and new species were more likely to be recruited if a close relative was not recruited previously. Progressing sites were characterized by low asynchrony, community convergence, and a neutral model of recruitment. Finally, fluctuating sites were characterized by high asynchrony, community convergence, and a neutral recruitment model.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term dynamics of the human oral microbiome during clinical disease progression

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Periodontitis follows a polymicrobial model of community dysbiosis, and the transition to disease resembles ecological succession that culminates in a higher proportion of oral pathobionts [ 42 ]. As nonresolving inflammation is thought to drive this conversion, the application of host modulation, which refers to manipulation of the immune response to prevent or ameliorate tissue damage, may facilitate an environment that reverses dysbiosis and promotes repair [ 2 ].…”

Section: Minimizing the Need For Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimally Invasive Periodontology: A Treatment Philosophy and Suggested Approach

Tay

Ong

2021

International Journal of Dentistry

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Severe periodontitis is a highly prevalent dental disease. With the advent of implant dentistry, teeth are often extracted and replaced. Periodontal surgery, where indicated, could also result in increased trauma to the patient. This literature review discusses different treatment modalities for periodontitis and proposes a treatment approach emphasizing maximum preservation of teeth while minimizing morbidity to the patient. Scientific articles were retrieved from the MEDLINE/PubMed database up to January 2021 to identify appropriate articles that addressed the objectives of this review. This was supplemented with hand searching using reference lists from relevant articles. As tooth prognostication does not have a high predictive value, a more conservative approach in extracting teeth should be abided by. This may involve repeated rounds of nonsurgical periodontal therapy, and adjuncts such as locally delivered statin gels and subantimicrobial-dose doxycycline appear to be effective. Periodontal surgery should not be carried out at an early phase in therapy as improvements in nonsurgical therapy may be observed up to 12 months from initial treatment. Periodontal surgery, where indicated, should also be minimally invasive, with periodontal regeneration being shown to be effective over 20 years of follow-up. Biomarkers provide an opportunity for early detection of disease activity and personalised treatment. Quality of life is proposed as an alternative end point to the traditional biomedical paradigm focused on the disease state and clinical outcomes. In summary, minimally invasive therapy aims to preserve health and function of the natural dentition, thus improving the quality of life for patients with periodontitis.

show abstract

“…To date, there are many studies that have focused on the oral microbiome in PD that use metagenomic technologies highlighted in two recent reviews [7,8]. However, most of these studies are based on 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Microbiome in Relation to Periodontitis Severity and Systemic Inflammation

Plachokova

Andreu‐Sánchez

Noz

et al. 2021

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Systemic inflammation induced by periodontitis is suggested to be the link between periodontitis and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this work was to explore the oral microbiome in periodontitis in relation to disease severity and systemic inflammation. The saliva and subgingival microbiome from periodontal pocket samples of patients with severe (n = 12) and mild periodontitis (n = 13) were analyzed using metagenomic shotgun sequencing. The taxa and pathways abundances were quantified. The diversity was assessed and the abundances to phenotype associations were performed using ANCOM and linear regression. A panel of inflammatory markers was measured in blood and was associated with taxa abundance. The microbial diversity and species richness did not differ between severe and mild periodontitis in either saliva or periodontal pockets. However, there were significant differences in the microbial composition between severe and mild periodontitis in the subgingival microbiome (i.e., pocket samples) and, in a lower grade, in saliva, and this is positively associated with systemic inflammatory markers. The “red complex” and “cluster B” abundances in periodontal pockets were strongly associated with inflammatory markers interleukin-6 and the white blood cell count. Our data suggest that systemic inflammation in severe periodontitis may be driven by the oral microbiome and may support the indirect (inflammatory) mechanism for the association between periodontitis and cardiovascular disease.

show abstract

Metagenomic sequencing provides new insights into the subgingival bacteriome and aetiopathology of periodontitis

Cited by 33 publications

References 65 publications

Long-term dynamics of the human oral microbiome during clinical disease progression

Long-term dynamics of the human oral microbiome during clinical disease progression

Minimally Invasive Periodontology: A Treatment Philosophy and Suggested Approach

Oral Microbiome in Relation to Periodontitis Severity and Systemic Inflammation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About