Metagenomic Analyses of Bifidobacterial Communities

Milani, Christian

doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-1274-3_15

Cited by 1 publication

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References 11 publications

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“…Germ‐free animals and those treated with broad‐spectrum antibiotics show significant alterations in central serotonergic activity. Bifidobacteria are a group of lactic acid bacteria that includes the putative probiotic strains of the Lactobacillus , Bifidobacterium and Enterococcus genera [ 80 ]. Bifidobacteria have been shown to increase blood tryptophan levels, which in turn regulates 5HT synthesis [ 40 ].…”

Section: Off‐target Brain–gut–microbiota Actionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotics and mental health: The good, the bad and the ugly

Dinan

2022

J Intern Med

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Antibiotics are recognised as, on occasion, producing psychiatric side effects, most notably depression and anxiety. Apart from antimicrobial activity, antibiotics have multiple off-target effects. The brain-gut-microbiota axis has multiple sites for off-target activity, which may produce either positive or negative antibiotic effects. Here we review how antibiotics impact mental health by acting through the brain-gut-microbiota axis. Microbes in the gut influence brain function by acting through the vagus nerve or by altering the production of short-chain fatty acids or the amino acid tryptophan, the building block of serotonin. Not all antimicrobial actions of antibiotics have a negative impact. The first antidepressant discovered was actually an antibiotic: isoniazid is an antibacterial drug developed for treating tuberculo-sis. Minocycline, which enters the brain and mediates its effects through microglia, shows antidepressant activity. Some antibiotics bring about a significant decrease in gut microbial diversity, and this is viewed as a risk factor for depression. Other risk factors induced by antibiotics include altered gut barrier function, activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, reducing levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor or oxytocin and alteration of vagal tone. Although most patients taking antibiotics do not suffer from an iatrogenic psychiatric disorder, some do. As clinicians, we need to keep this in mind. The development of new antibiotics is primarily focused on antibiotic resistance, but efforts should be made to reduce off-target braingut-microbiota effects resulting in mental health problems.

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Section: Off‐target Brain–gut–microbiota Actionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotics and mental health: The good, the bad and the ugly

Dinan

2022

J Intern Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Metagenomic Analyses of Bifidobacterial Communities

Cited by 1 publication

References 11 publications

Antibiotics and mental health: The good, the bad and the ugly

Antibiotics and mental health: The good, the bad and the ugly

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