Metagenome of Mehsani Buffalo Rumen Microbiota: An Assessment of Variation in Feed-Dependent Phylogenetic and Functional Classification

Abstract

Aim: To gain a greater understanding of the ecology and metabolic potential of the rumen microbiome with the changes in the animal diet. Methods: Diet composed of varying proportion of green and dry roughages along with grains was given to 8 Mehsani buffaloes, and rumen metagenome was sketched using shotgun semiconductor sequencing. Results: In the present study, the Bacteroidetes were found to be dominant at the phyla level and Prevotella at the genus level. The ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes was found to be higher in the solid fraction as compared to the liquid fraction. In the solid fraction of the dry roughage group, the significant increment (p < 0.05) in Bacteroidetes abundance was observed with increment of roughage concentration. At the genus level, Clostridium significantly increased with the increment in roughage concentration. A comparison of glycoside hydrolase and cellulosome functional genes revealed more glycoside hydrolase 3 encoding genes with higher fiber diet and significant difference in carbohydrate-active enzymes family composition between green and dry roughage groups of the liquid fraction. Conclusion: The present study provides a base to understand the modulating behavior of microbiota which can be manipulated to improve livestock nutrient utilization efficiency and for targeting the efficient catabolism of complex carbohydrate molecules as well.

Dynamic changes in rumen fermentation and bacterial community following rumen fluid transplantation in a sheep model of rumen acidosis: implications for rumen health in ruminants

“…Moreover, in agreement with previous studies (36)(37)(38), the current study revealed that the overall functions of the ruminal bacterial community were mainly related to membrane transport, carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, replication and repair, translation, and energy metabolism. Our data also showed that the difference in functions of the ruminal bacterial community between 2 groups mainly occurred on d 2 after transplantation.…”

Gastric cancer and gene copy number variation: emerging cancer drivers for targeted therapy

“…127 High expression of OCT1 could activate synbindin, which promotes ERK phosphorylation on the Golgi apparatus. 128, 129 An recent study revealed that OCT1 overexpression by amplification triggers synbindin-mediated ERK signaling and increases the aggressiveness of GC cells. The amplification, mRNA and protein overexpression of OCT1 were consistently correlated with poor survival of GC patients.…”

Rumen Virome:An Assessment of Viral Communities and their Functions in the Rumen of an Indian Buffalo

“…These phages infected mainly to the genera of the phylum Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. Previous studies on Indian buffalo rumen microbiome have reported the predominance of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria phyla and thus the concurrence of the phages with these hosts was expected 10,26 . Previous rumen virome studies also corroborate our findings where the phages infecting Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were found to be predominant in rumen samples and thereby help in maintaining the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio in the rumen 9 .…”

“…Rumen fluid (~500 ml) was collected using flexible stomach tube after 2 h of feeding 10 . The rumen fluid was brought to laboratory under refrigerated condition after fractionation using two-layered muslin cloth to remove larger solid particles of feed.…”