Metagenetic Characterization of the Resident Equine Uterine Microbiome Using Multiple Techniques

Heil, Babiche A.; Thompson, Seth K.; Kearns, Tabitha A; Davolli, Gabriel Monteiro; King, Gary M.; Sones, Jenny L.

doi:10.1016/j.jevs.2018.05.156

Cited by 20 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…Interestingly, these findings in the cow were similar to those in the ewe (53). Surprisingly, the research performed on the bitch revealed a vaginal microbiome dominated by Proteobacteria (54), Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes (33) and in the mare by Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria (26,61). Similar genera are seen in the semicaptive giant panda, where the four most abundant phyla found are Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes (62).…”

Section: Vaginal Microbiomementioning

confidence: 63%

“…When comparing endometrial microbiota with vaginal and cervical microbiota in both women and semicaptive giant pandas, it was found that the endometrial microbiota was in general lower in relative abundance with an overall higher microbial diversity and richness (58,61,63). A similar microbial richness was seen between the external cervical os and uterus in mares (26).…”

Section: Uterine Microbiomementioning

confidence: 79%

“…Regardless of how the sample is acquired, culture-dependent and molecular sequencing-based techniques have been shown to isolate different types of Lactobacilli in different amounts in women (10,25,44). A comparative study in healthy mares showed that there is no significant difference in the sequence-based results found between different sampling techniques: double-guarded endometrial swab, low-volume lavage, or endometrial biopsy (26). However, molecular techniques have identified numerous organisms previously undetected in both women and mares.…”

Section: Sequence-based Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The factors driving these racial differences are unknown but could potentially be explained by differences in contraceptive use, sexual behavior, rectal colonization, and hygiene or host genetics (6). Besides the human vaginal microbiome, the vaginal microbiome of many other species has been sequenced including the vaginal microbiomes of wild primates (chimpanzee, baboon, howler, red colobus monkey, and lemur), the guinea pig, cow, ewe, bitch, mare, and giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) (13,26,34,36,43,54,57,63,64) the Firmicutes phylum, followed by Fusobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria.…”

Section: Vaginal Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

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Role for the mammalian female reproductive tract microbiome in pregnancy outcomes

Heil

Paccamonti

Sones

2019

Physiological Genomics

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Since the discovery of the microbiome in humans, it has been studied in many mammalian species. Different microbiological communities with variable richness and diversity have been found among these species in distinct areas of the reproductive tract. Human studies have shown that the composition of the microbiome is dependent on body site and several host-related factors. Furthermore, specific phyla have been identified among the different species and within distinct areas of the female reproductive tract, but a “core” microbiome of the female reproductive tract has not been defined in any species. Moreover, the function of the microbiome in the reproductive tract is not yet fully understood. However, it has been suggested that a change in diversity of the microbiome and the presence or absence of specific microbial species might be useful indicators of pregnancy outcomes. Increased comprehensive knowledge of the microbiological communities in the female reproductive tract is needed since adverse outcomes represent a significant problem to many species, including livestock, exotic or endangered species, and humans. To the authors’ knowledge, a review combining current female reproductive tract microbiome data among different mammalian species has not been published yet. Herein is a comprehensive review of what is known in the field of the female reproductive microbiome and how it correlates with reproductive success or failure in mammals. Further studies may lead to optimization of therapies in the treatment of reproductive tract infections and pregnancy failure, and may create opportunities for novel approaches for improving reproductive efficiency in animals and people.

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Section: Vaginal Microbiomementioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Uterine Microbiomementioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Sequence-based Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vaginal Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

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Role for the mammalian female reproductive tract microbiome in pregnancy outcomes

Heil

Paccamonti

Sones

2019

Physiological Genomics

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“…The uterine microbiome changes according to the stage of the estrous cycle and across studies [89,90]. In one study [87], Proteobacteria-driven microbiota was the primary population, while a more diverse microbiome, including Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacterioidetes, and Actinobacteria, was reported in a different study [91].…”

Section: Infectious Endometritismentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent Breeding-Induced Endometritis in Mares—A Multifaceted Challenge: From Clinical Aspects to Immunopathogenesis and Pathobiology

Canisso

Segabinazzi

Fedorka

2020

IJMS

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Post-breeding endometritis (i.e., inflammation/infection of the endometrium), is a physiological reaction taking place in the endometrium of mares within 48 h post-breeding, aimed to clear seminal plasma, excess sperm, microorganisms, and debris from the uterine lumen in preparation for the arrival of an embryo. Mares are classified as susceptible or resistant to persistent breeding-induced endometritis (PBIE) based on their ability to clear this inflammation/infection by 48 h post-breeding. Mares susceptible to PBIE, or those with difficulty clearing infection/inflammation, have a deficient immune response and compromised physical mechanisms of defense against infection. Molecular pathways of the innate immune response known to be involved in PBIE are discussed herein. The role of the adaptive uterine immune response on PBIE remains to be elucidated in horses. Advances in the pathobiology of microbes involved in PBIE are also revised here. Traditional and non-traditional therapeutic modalities for endometritis are contrasted and described in the context of clinical and molecular aspects. In recent years, the lack of efficacy of traditional therapeutic modalities, alongside the ever-increasing incidence of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms, has enforced the development of non-traditional therapies. Novel biological products capable of modulating the endometrial inflammatory response are also discussed here as part of the non-traditional therapies for endometritis.

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Metagenomic analysis unravels novel taxonomic differences in the uterine microbiome between healthy mares and mares with endometritis

Virendra,

Gulavane,

Ahmed

et al. 2024

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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BackgroundThe application of high throughput technologies has enabled unravelling of unique differences between healthy mares and mares with endometritis at transcriptomic and proteomic levels. However, differences in the uterine microbiome are yet to be investigated.ObjectivesThe present study was aimed at evaluating the differences in uterine microbiome between healthy mares and mares with endometritis.MethodsLow‐volume lavage (LVL) samples were collected from the uterus of 30 mares classified into healthy (n = 15) and endometritis (n = 15) based on their reproductive history, intrauterine fluid accumulation, gross appearance of LVL samples, endometrial cytology and bacterial culture. The samples were subjected to 16S rRNA sequencing.ResultsNotable differences in the uterine microbiome were observed between healthy mares and mares with endometritis at various taxonomic levels. In healthy mares, the most abundant phylum, class, order and family were Firmicutes, Bacilli, Bacillales and Paenibacillaceae, respectively. In contrast, the most abundant corresponding taxonomic levels in mares with endometritis were Proteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Enterobacterales and Enterobacteriaceae, respectively. At the genus level, Brevibacillus and Paenibacillus were more abundant in healthy mares, whereas Escherichia, Salmonella and Klebsiella were more abundant in mares with endometritis. In healthy mares, Brevibacillus brevis was the most abundant species, followed by Brevibacillus choshinensis and Paenibacillus sp JDR‐2. However, in mares with endometritis, Escherichia coli was the most abundant species, followed by Salmonella enterica and Klebsiella pneumoniae.ConclusionsThese results confirmed the previously reported presence of a uterine microbiome in healthy mares and helped unravel some alterations that occur in mares with endometritis. The findings can potentially help formulate new approaches to prevent or treat equine endometritis.

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Metagenetic Characterization of the Resident Equine Uterine Microbiome Using Multiple Techniques

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Role for the mammalian female reproductive tract microbiome in pregnancy outcomes

Role for the mammalian female reproductive tract microbiome in pregnancy outcomes

Persistent Breeding-Induced Endometritis in Mares—A Multifaceted Challenge: From Clinical Aspects to Immunopathogenesis and Pathobiology

Metagenomic analysis unravels novel taxonomic differences in the uterine microbiome between healthy mares and mares with endometritis

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