Metacognitive training in schizophrenia: from basic research to knowledge translation and intervention

Moritz, Steffen; Woodward, Todd S.

doi:10.1097/yco.0b013e3282f0b8ed

Cited by 444 publications

(282 citation statements)

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“…One intervention to facilitate understanding of the self is attribution training (Horan et al, 2008;Moritz and Woodward, 2007;Penn et al, 2008), which seeks to develop the accuracy of a mentee's beliefs to highlight constructive and dysfunctional perceptions and n-Culturals, the Next Cross-Cultural Challenge 23 identify more positive perceptions. Social and metacognition training literature (Horan et al, 2008;Moritz and Woodward, 2007;Penn et al, 2008) has suggested that attribution helps develop metacognitive skills and behavioral modification.…”

Section: Stage Ii: Searching For and Selecting Means To Improve Undermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Social and metacognition training literature (Horan et al, 2008;Moritz and Woodward, 2007;Penn et al, 2008) has suggested that attribution helps develop metacognitive skills and behavioral modification. Moreover, cross-cultural training literature (Brislin et al, 1983;Brislin and Yoshida, 1994;Cutler, 2005;Cushner and Brislin, 1996;Ko and Yang, 2011;Selmer and Lauring, 2009) has corroborated the value of attribution training (e.g.…”

Section: Stage Ii: Searching For and Selecting Means To Improve Undermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In short, mentors help mentees consider various causes (Moritz and Woodward, 2007), and understand how cultural factors may influence perceptions. n-Culturals, the Next Cross-Cultural Challenge…”

Section: Stage Ii: Searching For and Selecting Means To Improve Undermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies into cognitive training have suggested significant improvements in general social cognition and behavioral performance that are transferable to other tasks and promote motivation to improve one's quality of life (Roncone et al, 2007) and general positive outlook (Moritz and Woodward, 2007;Sheldon and Lyubomirsky, 2006). Further, individuals with prior experience in mentoring relationships (i.e.…”

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confidence: 99%

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n-Culturals, the next cross-cultural challenge

Pekerti

Moeller

Thomas

et al. 2014

Int'l Jnl of Cross Cultural Management

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This article advances current conceptualizations of multicultural identities by identifying constituent elements of multicultural identity as knowledge, identification, internalization and commitment. This new conceptualization is labeled n-Culturalism, and posits that there are individuals who operate at the intersection of multiple cultures by maintaining salience of their multiple cultural identities. We illustrate that n-Culturals are assets to organizations because they are creative synthesizers that are able to facilitate organizational goals, and can also serve as models for others who are struggling in a multicultural environment. This article provides some solutions to managing multicultural challenges in organizations, such as conflicting values and identities. It also offers solutions on how individuals and organizations can leverage their identities in relation to the multiculturalism continuum to achieve desired workplace outcomes. Further, we introduce the Multicultural Mentor Modeling Program for organizations, which, if implemented, can help struggling multiculturals to address challenges in their social cognition, and to develop appropriate and effective behaviors in and outside of the workplace.

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Section: Stage Ii: Searching For and Selecting Means To Improve Undermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Stage Ii: Searching For and Selecting Means To Improve Undermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Stage Ii: Searching For and Selecting Means To Improve Undermentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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n-Culturals, the next cross-cultural challenge

Pekerti

Moeller

Thomas

et al. 2014

Int'l Jnl of Cross Cultural Management

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“…In addition, there were problems identified with this task because the number of catastrophising steps did not capture the qualitative leaps made between steps; some psychosis respondents obtained low scores but only because they reached catastrophic conclusions very quickly. Overall, the demonstration of the construct validity of the individual CBQp biases was, to some degree, hampered by the lack of appropriate measures available in the literature.A further, important consideration is that psychosis patients often lack metacognitive awareness for cognitive deficits and biases, 48,49 so that a dissociation between subjective (as measured by self-report on the CBQp) and objective (as assessed by task performance) biases may, on reflection, not be entirely unexpected. Further research is needed to determine which of these may be more pertinent to the formation and maintenance of psychotic experiences, or whether they are related to different factors.…”

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confidence: 99%

Cognitive Biases Questionnaire for Psychosis

Peters¹,

Moritz²,

Wiseman³

et al. 2010

PsycTESTS Dataset

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Objective: The Cognitive Biases Questionnaire for psychosis (CBQp) was developed to capture 5 cognitive distortions (jumping to conclusions, intentionalising, catastrophising, emotional reasoning, and dichotomous thinking), which are considered important for the pathogenesis of psychosis. Vignettes were adapted from the Cognitive Style Test (CST), 1 relating to "Anomalous Perceptions" and "Threatening Events" themes. Method: Scale structure, reliability, and validity were investigated in a psychosis group, and CBQp scores were compared with those of depressed and healthy control samples. Results: The CBQp showed good internal consistency and test-retest reliability. The 5 biases were not independent, with a 2-related factor scale providing the best fit. This structure suggests that the CBQp assesses a general thinking bias rather than distinct cognitive errors, while Anomalous Perception and Threatening Events theme scores can be used separately. Total CBQp scores showed good convergent validity with the CST, but individual biases were not related to existing tasks purporting to assess similar reasoning biases. Psychotic and depressed populations scored higher than healthy controls, and symptomatic psychosis patients scored higher than their nonsymptomatic counterparts, with modest relationships between CBQp scores and symptom severity once emotional disorders were partialled out. Anomalous Perception theme and Intentionalising bias scores showed some specificity to psychosis. Conclusions: Overall, the CBQp has good psychometric properties, although it is likely that it measures a different construct to existing tasks, tentatively suggested to represent a bias of interpretation rather than reasoning, judgment or decision-making processes. It is a potentially useful tool in both research and clinical arenas. Key words: schizophrenia/thinking errors/delusions/ hallucinations/cognitive behavior therapy for psychosis IntroductionRecent biopsychosocial models of psychosis have emphasized the central role of cognitive factors, 2-5 both in terms of the content of appraisals 6,7 and the process of reasoning and metacognition. 8,9 Specifically, there is a large body of work demonstrating that cognitive biases play a key role in the formation and maintenance of delusions. 10 The strongest evidence base relates to the "jumping to conclusions" (JTC) 8 and attributional biases. 11 The JTC bias refers to the tendency to gather little information before making a decision, thereby increasing the likelihood of inaccurate beliefs being formed hastily. It is present in schizotypal, 12,13 at-risk, 14 symptomatic, 8 and remitted 15 psychotic populations and is stable over time. 16 Attributional biases have been investigated mainly in persecutory 17,18 and, to a lesser extent, in grandiose delusions. 19 Deluded participants make external attributions for negative events 20 and, more specifically, favor personalizing attributions, 21 whereby other people, rather than circumstances, are blamed for negative events. 6,7 While the researc...

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