Metacognitive ability predicts hippocampal and prefrontal microstructure

Allen, Micah; Glen, James C.; Müllensiefen, Daniel; Schwarzkopf, D. Samuel; Callaghan, Martina F.; Rees, Geraint

doi:10.1101/046359

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 63 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…Metacognition has traditionally been characterised as "thinking about thinking" or insight, a form of conscious monitoring of one's own action 1 . Humans differ considerably in their metacognitive abilities 3,4 . Metacognitive investigations in OCD have mainly focused on biases in stimulus-outcome beliefs, for example that which an intrusive thought is likely to instantiate 9 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used a metacognition task based on a global motion detection paradigm, similar to that reported previously 3,34 . The task ( Fig.…”

Section: Taskmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This ensured that detection performance (d') of all participants was roughly equal enabling a higher sensitivity for assessing metacognitive performance 23,35 . A full description of the motion stimuli and the staircase procedure can be found in Allen et al 3 .…”

Section: Taskmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there are considerable variations in metacognitive performance, i.e. how well humans are able to consciously judge their own performance [3][4][5] . Poor metacognitive skills, or insight, can have detrimental real-world consequences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metacognitive impairments extend perceptual decision making weaknesses in compulsivity

Hauser

Allen

Rees

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Awareness of one's own abilities is of paramount importance in adaptive decision making. Psychotherapeutic theories assume such metacognitive insight is impaired in compulsivity, though this is supported by scant empirical evidence. In this study, we investigate metacognitive abilities in compulsive participants using computational models, where these enable a segregation between metacognitive and perceptual decision making impairments. We examined twenty low-compulsive and twenty high-compulsive participants, recruited from a large population-based sample, and matched for other psychiatric and cognitive dimensions.Hierarchical computational modelling of the participants' metacognitive abilities on a visual global motion detection paradigm revealed that high-compulsive participants had a reduced metacognitive ability. This impairment was accompanied by a perceptual decision making deficit whereby motion-related evidence was accumulated more slowly in high compulsive participants. Our study shows that the compulsivity spectrum is associated with a reduced ability to monitor one's own performance, over and above any perceptual decision making difficulty.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used a metacognition task based on a global motion detection paradigm, similar to that reported previously 3,34 . The task ( Fig.…”

Section: Taskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Taskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metacognitive impairments extend perceptual decision making weaknesses in compulsivity

Hauser

Allen

Rees

et al. 2017

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…Interestingly, the finding that metacognition is domain-specific before being domain-general could also explain why, although some imaging studies reveal that inter-domain measures of metacognitive sensitivity share some neural substrates (e.g., Allen et al, 2016), others indicate that metacognition is sustained by distinct cortical networks (e.g., Baird et al, 2013). It could also explain why adult patients with brain lesions can show domain-specific impairments of metacognition (Fleming, Ryu, Golfinos, & Blackmon, 2014).…”

Section: Domain-general or Domain-specific Metacognitive Processes?mentioning

confidence: 99%

From domain-specific to domain-general? The developmental path of metacognition for strategy selection

Geurten

Meulemans

Lemaire

2018

Cognitive Development

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From domain-specific to domain-general? The developmental path of metacognition for strategy selection Metacognition, typically defined as the ability to evaluate (or monitor) and regulate (or control) the success of cognitive processes (Dunlosky & Metcalfe, 2009), has been regarded as a fundamental skill influencing cognitive performance and learning in domains as diverse as arithmetic, memory, reading, perception, and many others (Kuhn, 2000). Generally, metacognition is viewed as a global ability that is correlated across content domains, suggesting that participants who are good at evaluating their performance for one sort of task also tend to be good at evaluating their performance for another sort of task (Schraw, Dunkle, Bendixen, & Roedel, 1995). Domain-General or Domain-Specific Metacognition Processes? In adults, the assumption that metacognition is domain-general is supported by two types of evidence. First, a number of behavioral studies seem to indicate that inter-individual differences in measures of metacognitive sensitivity (i.e., how well one can discriminate between correct and incorrect responses through the monitoring of one's own performance) correlated across unrelated cognitive tasks (e.g.

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Metacognitive ability predicts hippocampal and prefrontal microstructure

Cited by 2 publications

References 63 publications

Metacognitive impairments extend perceptual decision making weaknesses in compulsivity

Metacognitive impairments extend perceptual decision making weaknesses in compulsivity

From domain-specific to domain-general? The developmental path of metacognition for strategy selection

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