Metacognitive Ability From a Theory-of-Mind Perspective: A Cross-Cultural Study of Students With and Without Hearing Loss

Abstract

T heory of Mind (see, e.g., Bartsch & Estes, 1996) is a concept that can help educators understand how students think about their state of mind and that of others involved in various life situations. To examine the impact of culture and the impact of hearing loss on metacognition as explained by Theory of Mind, two samples of students with and without hearing losses who were from two different cultures were compared on their ability to choose pictures representing their perspectives on specific life situations. The two groups did not differ in their metacognitive interpretations of the experiences when they were from the same culture, although students from different cultures did differ, indicating that culture may have a greater impact on metacognition as explained by Theory of Mind than hearing loss. Data collected in the present study affirmed previous research showing that students with hearing losses could make metacognitive decisions about life situations just as ably as their hearing peers from the same culture.

Meta-Cognition in Mindfulness: A Conceptual Analysis

“…Metacognition researchers are primarily interested in developing capacity to think about one's own thought whereas theory of mind researchers focuses more on the ability to think and make inferences about the thoughts and feelings of other person (Misailidi, 2010). In a sense, theory of mind is prerequisite for metacognition (Al-Hilawani, Easterbrooks, & Marchant, 2002). (Cross & Paris, 1988;Flavell, 1979).…”

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“…Метапознание как концептуальный подход тесно связано с другим более широким подходом, который в современной литературе получил название «теория психического» (Flavell, 1999). Однако исследователи метапознания, в первую очередь, сосредоточились на изучении преимуществ и недостатков в рефлексии собственных мыслей и состояний, тогда как в рамках теории психического акцент в большей степени сделан на способности рефлексировать и делать выводы о мыслях и чувствах другого человека (Al-Hilawani et al, 2002).…”

Prelinguistic Vocal Development in Infants with Typical Hearing and Infants with Severe-to-Profound Hearing Loss

“…For the purpose of this research, metacognition refers to strategic employment of one's cognitive processes and resources to construct knowledge, and employ thinking and problem-solving skills to reach understanding and insight into one's environment ( Brown, 1978 ;Flavell, 1976Flavell, , 1978Flavell, , 1979Flavell, , 1999. This definition of metacognition ( Brown, 1978 ;Flavell, 1976Flavell, , 1978Flavell, , 1979Flavell, , 1999 encompasses features of intelligent ability; entails employing one's higherorder thinking processes, such as recognition, discrimination, judgment, and cognitive restructuring of events for effective functioning in life; and covers the process of performing interactive mental juggling to maintain one's connection to the task on hand for decision making and task fulfillment ( Al-Hilawani, 2000, 2001Al-Hilawani, Easterbrooks, & Marchant, 2002 ).…”