Metabonomics Reveals Plasma Metabolic Changes and Inflammatory Marker in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Patients

Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common, clinically heterogeneous endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age, associated with endocrinopathy and metabolic abnormalities. Although some metabolic parameters have been investigated, very little information has been reported on the changes of small metabolites in biofluids. The aim of this study was to establish the metabolic profile of PCOS and compare it with that of controls. In this cross-sectional study of 34 women with PCOS and 36 controls, contents of small metabolites and lipids in plasma samples were measured using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based techniques and analyzed using multivariate statistical methods. Significant decrease (P < 0.05) in the levels of amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, methionine, glutamine, and arginine), citrate, choline, and glycerophosphocholine/phosphocholine (GPC/PC), and increase (P < 0.05) in the levels of lactate, dimethylamine (DMA), creatine, and N-acetyl glycoproteins were observed in PCOS patients compared with the controls. Subgroups of patients with obesity, metabolic syndrome, or hyperandrogenism exhibited greater metabolic deviations than their corresponding subgroups without these factors. PCOS patients have perturbations in amino acid metabolism, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and gut microflora, as well as mild disturbances in glucose and lipid metabolism. The elevated level of N-acetyl glycoproteins demonstrates the existence of low-grade chronic inflammation in PCOS patients.

Metabonomics revealed xanthine oxidase-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy

“…N-acetylglycoprotein (NAG) is an acute-phase response protein in response to many cytokines derived from inflammatory cells such as neutrophils and macrophages, and it was used as inflammation marker in previous study [30]. In this study, we observed increased serum NAG in DN rats, suggesting the enhanced inflammatory responses during the Fig.…”

Differences in the metabolomic signatures of porcine follicular fluid collected from environments associated with good and poor oocyte quality

“…Following cellular uptake, uridine is converted to UTP, which can then be utilized for the synthesis of RNA, phosphocholine (Cansev et al 2008) or glycogen via glycogenesis. The concomitant increase in the concentration of N-acetyl groups, which are associated with glycoproteins, glycolipids and important antioxidant constituents, may be indicative of a follicular environment that was more sensitive to oxidative stress and/or increased inflammation and cell damage (Kolwijck et al 2009, Sun et al 2012.…”

Detection of urine metabolites in polycystic ovary syndrome by UPLC triple-TOF-MS

“…The currently available metabolomic technologies allow for comprehensive metabolic profiling and may represent a large step toward understanding the pathogenesis of PCOS. Metabolomic studies of PCOS samples have been performed by analyzing plasma samples using either hydrogen-1 nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR) [3,4], gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS) [5] or 1 H NMR combined with GC-MS [6]. The altered metabolites were observed to be mostly involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids and amino acids.…”