Metabolomics study of diabetic retinopathy using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry: a comparison of stages and subtypes diagnosed by Western and Chinese medicine

Li, Xiang; Luo, Xiangxia; Lü, Xin; Duan, Junguo; Xu, Guowang

doi:10.1039/c0mb00341g

Cited by 57 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…2-Hydroxybutyric acid, a derivative of a-ketobutyrate, was previously identified as a marker (14,21) and predictor (44) for diabetes. The ketone body, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, was identified as a marker for impaired glucose tolerance (13) and type 2 diabetes (20,21) and was also identified as a marker for DR in the study by Li et al (26). No significant differences in the levels of 2-hydroxybutyric acid and 3-hydroxybutyric acid were found between DR cases and control subjects with diabetes in both the discovery and validation sets (Supplementary Table 8).…”

Section: Unique Signatures Of Hydroxy Fatty Acids In Drmentioning

confidence: 89%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Plasma Metabonomic Profiling of Diabetic Retinopathy

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common microvascular complication of diabetes and the leading cause of visual impairment in working-age adults. Patients with diabetes often develop DR despite appropriate control of systemic risk factors, suggesting the involvement of other pathogenic factors. We hypothesize that the plasma metabolic signature of DR is distinct and resolvable from that of diabetes alone. A nested populationbased case-control metabonomic study was first performed on 40 DR cases and 40 control subjects with diabetes using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Eleven metabolites were found to be correlated with DR, and the majority were robust when adjusted for metabolic risk factors and confounding kidney disease. The metabolite markers 2-deoxyribonic acid; 3,4-dihydroxybutyric acid; erythritol; gluconic acid; and ribose were validated in an independent sample set with 40 DR cases, 40 control subjects with diabetes, and 40 individuals without diabetes. DR cases and control subjects with diabetes were matched by HbA 1c in the validation set. Activation of the pentose phosphate pathway was identified from the list of DR metabolite markers. The identification of novel metabolite markers for DR provides insights into potential new pathogenic pathways for this microvascular complication and holds translational value in DR risk stratification and the development of new therapeutic measures.Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common microvascular complication of diabetes and the leading cause of visual impairment in working-age adults worldwide (1,2). The global prevalence of diabetes is rising and the number of people with diabetes is projected to increase by 54% in 2030, compared with 2010 (3). The public health burden of diabetes and DR would thus increase correspondingly. The major risk factors of DR are poor glycemic control and hypertension, as well as the duration of diabetes (4,5), but their relative importance varies between studies (2,6). Although the risks of DR progression and vision loss are reduced with intensive control of risk factors (7,8), many patients with diabetes continue to develop complications despite tight glycemic and blood pressure control. There is increasing evidence to suggest that "metabolic memory" is responsible for this observation. The term metabolic memory refers to the persistent epigenetic modifications caused by early exposure to hyperglycemia that, in turn, predispose individuals to the development of diabetes complications even after good glycemic control

show abstract

Section: Unique Signatures Of Hydroxy Fatty Acids In Drmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…In contrast, plasma or sera have remained the biofluid of choice in metabonomic studies. With these biological matrices, several research groups have reported metabolite markers of global (25,26) and targeted (27)(28)(29) metabonomic analysis. These studies, however, did not account for confounders and comorbidities, such as medication use and kidney disease.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Metabonomic Profiling of Diabetic Retinopathy

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Three metabolomic studies have been reported so far in DR research, suggesting enhanced lactate and glucose metabolism, and overactivity of the arginine-toproline pathway. 62,63 In addition, L-aspartic acid and linoleic acid have been found to distinguish different stages of DR. 64 Further investigations may reveal the use of these signatures as biomarkers or even therapeutic targets. Furthermore, hyperglycemia has been linked to alterations in epigenetic modifications, which is a relatively new field of interest in DR research.…”

Section: Diabetic Retinopathy (Dr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Omics Biomarkers in Ophthalmology

Jong

Lefeber

et al. 2017

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

''Omics'' refers to high-throughput analyses of genes, proteins, or metabolites in a biological system, and is increasingly used for ophthalmic research. These system-based approaches can unravel disease-related processes and are valuable for biomarker discovery. Furthermore, potential therapeutic targets can be identified based on omics results, and targeted follow-up experiments can be designed to gain molecular understanding of the disease and to test new therapies. Here, we review the application of omics techniques in eye diseases, focusing on age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), retinal detachment (RD), myopia, glaucoma, Fuchs' corneal dystrophy (FCD), cataract, keratoconus, and dry eyes. We observe that genomic analyses were mainly successful in AMD research (almost half of the genomic heritability has been explained), whereas large parts of disease variability or risk remain unsolved in most of the other diseases. Other omics studies like transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics provided additional candidate proteins and pathways for several eye diseases, although sample sizes in these studies were often very small and replication is lacking. In order to translate omics results into clinical biomarkers, larger sample sizes and validation across different cohorts would be essential. In conclusion, omicsbased studies are increasing in ophthalmology, and further application to the clinic might develop in the years to come. Integration of genomics with other type of omics data has the potential to improve the accuracy of predictive tests. Moreover, in the future, omics may lead to stratification of patients into subgroups based on molecular profiles, enabling the development of personalized treatments.

show abstract

“…In ophthalmology, metabolomics has been used to study various eye diseases including glaucoma [10][11][12][13][14][15][16] , age-related macular degeneration [17][18][19] , diabetic retinopathy [20][21][22] , keratoconus [23] , refractive error [24,25] , retinal detachment [26] , uveitis [27,28] , dry eye [29,30] , and other ocular surface diseases [31] . Analyses have been performed on tear fluid [23,[29][30][31][32] , aqueous humor [24,25,33,34] , vitreous humor [20,26,27,35,36] , cornea [37][38][39] , conjunctiva [40] , and lens [41,42] samples.…”

Section: Metabolomics In Ophthalmologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Metabolomics and Glaucoma

Breda

Himmelreich²,

Ghesquière³

et al. 2017

Ophthalmic Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness worldwide. However, there are no biomarkers that accurately help clinicians perform an early diagnosis or detect patients with a high risk of progression. Metabolomics is the study of all metabolites in an organism, and it has the potential to provide a biomarker. This review summarizes the findings of metabolomics in glaucoma patients and explains why this field is promising for new research. We identified published studies that focused on metabolomics and ophthalmology. After providing an overview of metabolomics in ophthalmology, we focused on human glaucoma studies. Five studies have been conducted in glaucoma patients and all compared patients to healthy controls. Using mass spectrometry, significant differences were found in blood plasma in the metabolic pathways that involve palmitoylcarnitine, sphingolipids, vitamin D-related compounds, and steroid precursors. For nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, a high glutamine-glutamate/creatine ratio was found in the vitreous and lateral geniculate body; no differences were detected in the optic radiations, and a lower N-acetylaspartate/choline ratio was observed in the geniculocalcarine and striate areas. Metabolomics can move glaucoma care towards a personalized approach and provide new knowledge concerning the pathophysiology of glaucoma, which can lead to new therapeutic options.

show abstract

Metabolomics study of diabetic retinopathy using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry: a comparison of stages and subtypes diagnosed by Western and Chinese medicine

Cited by 57 publications

References 32 publications

Plasma Metabonomic Profiling of Diabetic Retinopathy

Plasma Metabonomic Profiling of Diabetic Retinopathy

Omics Biomarkers in Ophthalmology

Clinical Metabolomics and Glaucoma

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About