Metabolomics in Schizophrenia and Major Depressive Disorder

Petrovchich, Iva; Sosinsky, Alexandra Z.; Konde, Anish S; Archibald, Abigail R.; Henderson, David C.; Maletić-Savatić, Mirjana; Milanović, Snežana

doi:10.1007/s11515-016-1400-8

Cited by 12 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…They were promising approaches, especially genomics, since genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified multiple genetic associations with psychiatric disorders, indicating a significant effect of heritability [70] . However, due to the polygenic nature of psychiatric disorders, GWAS indicated many genetic loci but with a ”small effect”, a questionable clinical significance, and limited biological insight [76] , since numerous genetic loci associated with these disorders, biological pathways and mechanisms are yet not known. Namely, some substantial loci that might be important as risk factors or contributors for psychiatric disorders were not detected due to statistical corrections and cutoffs [70] .…”

Section: Psychiatric Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the balance between metabolites and all enzymes, cofactors, intermediates and substrates through metabolic pathways is needed to preserve homeostasis [26] . Metabolites highly reflect environmental influence, nutrition needs, effects of xenobiotics and medication, stress as well as different pathologies or internal changes in biochemical pathways of the studied system [76] , [82] . The metabolome includes all metabolites that are present in biological samples, such as blood, urine, cell, tissue, organ or organism, and is a result of the gene x environment interaction and/or genotype x phenotype interaction [76] .…”

Section: Metabolomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Metabolites highly reflect environmental influence, nutrition needs, effects of xenobiotics and medication, stress as well as different pathologies or internal changes in biochemical pathways of the studied system [76] , [82] . The metabolome includes all metabolites that are present in biological samples, such as blood, urine, cell, tissue, organ or organism, and is a result of the gene x environment interaction and/or genotype x phenotype interaction [76] . Metabolic processes reveal the activities of the gene expression and proteins, and metabolome is therefore a product of genome and proteome interacting with environmental factors, and a regulator of the metabolic homeostasis.…”

Section: Metabolomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Combination of various environmental factors (early life experience, exposure to violence, cannabis, drug abuse, migration, etc.) and their interactions with different genetic variations, but also epigenetic influences contribute to schizophrenia development [67] , [76] . Although GWAS offered some novel genetic loci associated with schizophrenia, the problem is frequent non-replication and limited reproducible findings of these data, due to schizophrenia's phenotypic, genotypic, biological, but also clinical heterogeneity.…”

Section: Metabolomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Short overview on metabolomic approach and redox changes in psychiatric disorders

et al. 2018

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Schizophrenia, depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are severe mental disorders and complicated diagnostic entities, due to their phenotypic, biological and genetic heterogeneity, unknown etiology, and poorly understood alterations in biological pathways and biological mechanisms. Disturbed homeostasis between overproduction of oxidant species, overcoming redox regulation and a lack of cellular antioxidant defenses, resulting in free radical-mediated pathology and subsequent neurotoxicity contributes to development of depression, schizophrenia and PTSD, their heterogeneous clinical presentation and resistance to treatment. Metabolomics is a discipline that combines different strategies with the aim to extract, detect, identify and quantify all metabolites that are present in a biological sample and might provide mechanistic insights into the etiology of various psychiatric disorders. Therefore, oxidative stress research combined with metabolomics might offer a novel approach in dissecting psychiatric disorders, since these data-driven but not necessarily hypothesis-driven methods might identify new targets, molecules and pathways responsible for development of schizophrenia, depression or PTSD. Findings from the oxidative research in psychiatry together with metabolomics data might facilitate development of specific and validated prognostic, therapeutic and clinical biomarkers. These methods might reveal bio-signatures of individual patients, leading to individualized treatment approach. In reviewing findings related to oxidative stress and metabolomics in selected psychiatric disorders, we have highlighted how these novel approaches might make a unique contribution to deeper understanding of psychopathological alterations underlying schizophrenia, depression and PTSD.

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Section: Psychiatric Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Metabolomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Metabolomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Metabolomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Short overview on metabolomic approach and redox changes in psychiatric disorders

et al. 2018

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“…O QUINA também é um produto intermediário da metabolização da QUIN, e, ao contrário do AQ, que é um agonista, o QUINA age como antagonista dos receptores NMDA e, portanto, exerce ação neuroprotetora na SCZ (28). O QUINA é sintetizado e liberado por astrócitos e também exerce ação como antagonista em receptores α7nicotínico de acetilcolina (α7nAChR) (47,50).…”

Section: Efeitos Neurotóxicos E Neuroprotetores Dos Metabólitos Do Trunclassified

Metabolismo Do Triptofano Em Transtornos Mentais: Um Enfoque Na Esquizofrenia

Carvalho¹,

Yonamine²,

Mas³

et al. 2017

VITTALLE, ISSN 1413-3563, Rio Grande, Brasil

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O triptofano (TRP) é um aminoácido essencial, encontrado no plasma principalmente ligado à albumina, e com apenas uma pequena fração encontrada na forma livre. Ao atravessar a barreia hematoencefálica, seus metabólitos exercem diferentes ações no sistema nervoso central. Importantes metabólitos neuroativos resultantes do metabolismo do TRP (como a serotonina, melatonina, 3-hidroxiquinurenina, ácido quinolínico e quinurênico, dentre outros) têm sido associados a doenças neurodegenerativas como o Mal de Alzheimer, a doença de Huntington, o transtorno bipolar (TB) e a esquizofrenia (SCZ). Além disto, há também relatos sobre a sua relação com a depressão, as doenças inflamatórias, diversas alergias e com doenças infecciosas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi reunir informações recentes e atualizadas sobre o que se sabe sobre papel do TRP e as seus metabólitos, enfatizando a relação desse aminoácido e seus metabólitos na fisiopatologia da SCZ, com enfoque na via das quinureninas e sobretudo suas eventuais associações com as doenças mentais.

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