Metabolomics for Crop Improvement Against Salinity Stress

D’Amelia, Luisa; Dell’Aversana, Emilia; Woodrow, Pasqualina; Ciarmiello, Loredana F.; Carillo, Petronia

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-90318-7_11

Cited by 26 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…Glycine betaine is one of the main compatible compounds present in Poaceae and Chenopodiaceae under salinity, and which is also involved in many other protective mechanisms against stress-related plant disorders ( Ashraf and Foolad, 2007 ; Chen and Murata, 2008 ; Banu et al, 2010 ; Carillo et al, 2011 ; Khan et al, 2012 ). GB is an amphoteric metabolite highly soluble in water, and electrically neutral over a vast range of pH values ( D’Amelia et al, 2018 ). The cellular concentration of GB, proline, or both, contribute to the osmotic pressure as a whole in many halophyte plants ( Flowers et al, 1977 ).…”

Section: Glycine Betaine Role In Abiotic Stress Tolerance In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and Temporal Profile of Glycine Betaine Accumulation in Plants Under Abiotic Stresses

et al. 2019

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Several halophytes and a few crop plants, including Poaceae, synthesize and accumulate glycine betaine (GB) in response to environmental constraints. GB plays an important role in osmoregulation, in fact, it is one of the main nitrogen-containing compatible osmolytes found in Poaceae. It can interplay with molecules and structures, preserving the activity of macromolecules, maintaining the integrity of membranes against stresses and scavenging ROS. Exogenous GB applications have been proven to induce the expression of genes involved in oxidative stress responses, with a restriction of ROS accumulation and lipid peroxidation in cultured tobacco cells under drought and salinity, and even stabilizing photosynthetic structures under stress. In the plant kingdom, GB is synthesized from choline by a two-step oxidation reaction. The first oxidation is catalyzed by choline monooxygenase (CMO) and the second oxidation is catalyzed by NAD+-dependent betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase. Moreover, in plants, the cytosolic enzyme, named N-methyltransferase, catalyzes the conversion of phosphoethanolamine to phosphocholine. However, changes in CMO expression genes under abiotic stresses have been observed. GB accumulation is ontogenetically controlled since it happens in young tissues during prolonged stress, while its degradation is generally not significant in plants. This ability of plants to accumulate high levels of GB in young tissues under abiotic stress, is independent of nitrogen (N) availability and supports the view that plant N allocation is dictated primarily to supply and protect the growing tissues, even under N limitation. Indeed, the contribution of GB to osmotic adjustment and ionic and oxidative stress defense in young tissues, is much higher than that in older ones. In this review, the biosynthesis and accumulation of GB in plants, under several abiotic stresses, were analyzed focusing on all possible roles this metabolite can play, particularly in young tissues.

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Section: Glycine Betaine Role In Abiotic Stress Tolerance In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and Temporal Profile of Glycine Betaine Accumulation in Plants Under Abiotic Stresses

et al. 2019

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“…GC-MS can also be used to probe primary metabolites, like amino acids, organic acids, sugars, alkaloids, lipids, ketones, esters, peptides, and sugar-phosphate. The advantages of GC-MS include its precision, high sensitivity and resolution, reduced running cost, and speedy metabolic profiling [37]. However, GC-MS can only be used to detect thermally unstable and volatile compounds [38].…”

Section: Advanced Tools For Analytical Research In Plant Metabolomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomics: A Way Forward for Crop Improvement

et al. 2019

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Metabolomics is an emerging branch of “omics” and it involves identification and quantification of metabolites and chemical footprints of cellular regulatory processes in different biological species. The metabolome is the total metabolite pool in an organism, which can be measured to characterize genetic or environmental variations. Metabolomics plays a significant role in exploring environment–gene interactions, mutant characterization, phenotyping, identification of biomarkers, and drug discovery. Metabolomics is a promising approach to decipher various metabolic networks that are linked with biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in plants. In this context, metabolomics-assisted breeding enables efficient screening for yield and stress tolerance of crops at the metabolic level. Advanced metabolomics analytical tools, like non-destructive nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), liquid chromatography mass-spectroscopy (LC-MS), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and direct flow injection (DFI) mass spectrometry, have sped up metabolic profiling. Presently, integrating metabolomics with post-genomics tools has enabled efficient dissection of genetic and phenotypic association in crop plants. This review provides insight into the state-of-the-art plant metabolomics tools for crop improvement. Here, we describe the workflow of plant metabolomics research focusing on the elucidation of biotic and abiotic stress tolerance mechanisms in plants. Furthermore, the potential of metabolomics-assisted breeding for crop improvement and its future applications in speed breeding are also discussed. Mention has also been made of possible bottlenecks and future prospects of plant metabolomics.

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“…Agricultural production has been seriously affected by soil salinity because the salt level has been a major limiting factor for plant growth, and affects a large terrestrial area in the world [1]. At present, nearly 20% of the irrigated land in the world is affected by salt, and more than 50% of the cultivated land is expected to be seriously salinized by 2050 [2,3]. High salt concentration in soil often causes osmotic stress (e.g., water deficit and nutrient imbalance), ion toxicity, and secondary stress (e.g., oxidative stress), leading to "physiological drought", cellular damage, and growth reduction, and even death of plants [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, following genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics, metabolomics as an original tool to obtain a comprehensive perspective of the mechanisms have been widely and rapidly used in salt 2 of 21 stress studies [2,7]. Metabolites can be considered as the end products of gene expression, and represent the amount of all the levels of regulation in between gene and enzyme [2,9]. Correspondingly, linking metabolomics changes in the biochemical pathway with the enzymes involved can effectively assist in the identification of gene functions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When plants are damaged by salt stress, metabolomics studies are performed to expound variations in metabolic pathways and networks, and to look for key genes in plant metabolic pathways [9]-then applying exogenous materials and other means to analyze and evaluate the metabolites before and after treatment, providing a basis for improving plant resistance and analyzing gene functions. However, this is a challenging task due to the known number of metabolites in plants being estimated to exceed 200.000, and the massive molecules with different structures and chemical properties [2,10]. Accordingly, many targeted techniques and different analytical approaches have been designed and used for a specific genotype or sample, allowing us to make insight into the multiple physiological processes in responses to stress conditions [7,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Exogenous Spermidine on Root Metabolism of Cucumber Seedlings under Salt Stress by GC-MS

et al. 2020

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To investigate the effects of exogenous spermidine (Spd) on metabolism changes under salt stress in cucumber roots, a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was performed. The results showed that most of the 142 metabolites responded to salt stress or exogenous Spd treatment. Salt stress reduced carbon consumption, resulted in the transformation of glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle to the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), and meanwhile increased salicylic acid (SA) and ethylene synthesis, and, thus, inhibited the growth of seedlings. However, exogenous Spd further improved the utilization of carbon, the energy-saving pattern of amino acid accumulation, and the control of hydroxyl radicals. In conclusion, Spd could promote energy metabolism and inhibit SA and ethylene synthesis in favor of root growth that contributes to higher salt tolerance. This study provides insight that may facilitate a better understanding of the salt resistance by Spd in cucumber seedlings.

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Metabolomics for Crop Improvement Against Salinity Stress

Cited by 26 publications

References 112 publications

Spatial and Temporal Profile of Glycine Betaine Accumulation in Plants Under Abiotic Stresses

Spatial and Temporal Profile of Glycine Betaine Accumulation in Plants Under Abiotic Stresses

Metabolomics: A Way Forward for Crop Improvement

Effects of Exogenous Spermidine on Root Metabolism of Cucumber Seedlings under Salt Stress by GC-MS

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