Metabolomics and Ionomics of Potato Tuber Reveals an Influence of Cultivar and Market Class on Human Nutrients and Bioactive Compounds

Abstract

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is an important global food crop that contains phytochemicals with demonstrated effects on human health. Understanding sources of chemical variation of potato tuber can inform breeding for improved health attributes of the cooked food. Here, a comprehensive metabolomics (UPLC- and GC-MS) and ionomics (ICP-MS) analysis of raw and cooked potato tuber was performed on 60 unique potato genotypes that span 5 market classes including russet, red, yellow, chip, and specialty potatoes. The analyses detected 2,656 compounds that included known bioactives (43 compounds), nutrients (42), lipids (76), and 23 metals. Most nutrients and bioactives were partially degraded during cooking (44 out of 85; 52%), however genotypes with high quantities of bioactives remained highest in the cooked tuber. Chemical variation was influenced by genotype and market class. Specifically, ~53% of all detected compounds from cooked potato varied among market class and 40% varied by genotype. The most notable metabolite profiles were observed in yellow-flesh potato which had higher levels of carotenoids and specialty potatoes which had the higher levels of chlorogenic acid as compared to the other market classes. Variation in several molecules with known association to health was observed among market classes and included vitamins (e.g., pyridoxal, ~2-fold variation), bioactives (e.g., chlorogenic acid, ~40-fold variation), medicinals (e.g., kukoamines, ~6-fold variation), and minerals (e.g., calcium, iron, molybdenum, ~2-fold variation). Furthermore, more metabolite variation was observed within market class than among market class (e.g., α-tocopherol, ~1-fold variation among market class vs. ~3-fold variation within market class). Taken together, the analysis characterized significant metabolite and mineral variation in raw and cooked potato tuber, and support the potential to breed new cultivars for improved health traits.

Cold storage reveals distinct metabolic perturbations in processing and non-processing cultivars of potato

“…However, the reason for these strong 334 correlations remains unclear as no direct link has been reported so far and further investigation 335 is needed. Metabolite correlations of potato groups differing in the genetic background have 336 been previously reported (Dobson et al, 2010;Chaparro et al, 2018). Significant metabolite 337 variation and metabolite-metabolite correlations were detected from a collection of 60 unique 338 potato genotypes that span 5 different market classes such as russet, red, yellow, chip, and 339 speciality (Chaparro et al, 2018), where authors concluded that metabolite diversity and 340 correlations data can support the potential to breed new cultivars for improved health traits.…”

“…For example, metabolic profiles in different life cycle stages of potato 253 tubers were characterized to link temporal changes in metabolites related to trait development 254 . In a recent study, comprehensive metabolomics and ionomics analysis on 255 raw and cooked potato tubers of 60 unique genotypes were performed to understand the chemical 256 variation and nutritional values in different varieties (Chaparro et al, 2018). In another study, 257 storage of commercial cultivars at 20-22 C in the dark suggested a significant decrease in sucrose 258 and fructose (Uri et al, 2014).…”

Early metabolic priming under differing carbon sufficiency conditions influences peach fruit quality development

“…Furthermore, the formation of doubly charged species was limited by ensuring that Ce ++ :Ce + ratio was below 0.03. A calibration curve was created by evaluating 7 dilutions of a Peach metabolic priming under carbon sufficiency/starvation 7 multi-element stock solution, created by a mixture of single element stock standards (Inorganic Ventures, Christiansburg, VA, USA) (Chaparro et al, 2018). Calibration curve was matrix matched to the samples, 2.5% HNO 3 and ppb In.…”

Cold storage reveals distinct metabolic perturbations in processing and non-processing cultivars of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)

“…Metabolomic studies have been crucial in potato breeding mainly because tuber quality traits such as content and quality of starch, chipping quality, flesh color, taste, and glycoalkaloid content, etc., have been shown to be linked to a wide range of metabolites and alteration in metabolic networks [14][15][16] . Metabolic profiles in different life cycle stages of potato tubers were characterized to link temporal changes in metabolites to their acrylamide-forming potential 17 .…”

“…Metabolic profiles in different life cycle stages of potato tubers were characterized to link temporal changes in metabolites to their acrylamide-forming potential 17 . In a recent study, comprehensive metabolomics and ionomics analysis on raw and cooked potato tubers of 60 unique genotypes spanning five marker classes were performed to understand the chemical variation and nutritional values in different varieties 15 . Such studies presented the metabolite diversity, which laid the foundation to generate potato cultivars with enhanced nutritional and processing qualities for human health.…”