Metabolomic profiles of being physically active and less sedentary: a critical review

Tian, Qu; Corkum, Abigail E; Moaddel, Ruin; Ferrucci, Luigi

doi:10.1007/s11306-021-01818-y

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…The exercise-induced metabolic changes that underlie all these effects are evidenced by metabolomic studies and include enhanced oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle function, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, the urea cycle, arginine biosynthesis, branch-chain amino acids, and active skeletal muscle biosynthesis. They are also associated with marked changes in lipid and estrogen metabolism [240].…”

Section: Exercise (Regardless Of Its Mode or Intensity) Is A Powerful...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond the Calorie Paradigm: Taking into Account in Practice the Balance of Fat and Carbohydrate Oxidation during Exercise?

et al. 2022

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Recent literature shows that exercise is not simply a way to generate a calorie deficit as an add-on to restrictive diets but exerts powerful additional biological effects via its impact on mitochondrial function, the release of chemical messengers induced by muscular activity, and its ability to reverse epigenetic alterations. This review aims to summarize the current literature dealing with the hypothesis that some of these effects of exercise unexplained by an energy deficit are related to the balance of substrates used as fuel by the exercising muscle. This balance of substrates can be measured with reliable techniques, which provide information about metabolic disturbances associated with sedentarity and obesity, as well as adaptations of fuel metabolism in trained individuals. The exercise intensity that elicits maximal oxidation of lipids, termed LIPOXmax, FATOXmax, or FATmax, provides a marker of the mitochondrial ability to oxidize fatty acids and predicts how much fat will be oxidized over 45–60 min of low- to moderate-intensity training performed at the corresponding intensity. LIPOXmax is a reproducible parameter that can be modified by many physiological and lifestyle influences (exercise, diet, gender, age, hormones such as catecholamines, and the growth hormone-Insulin-like growth factor I axis). Individuals told to select an exercise intensity to maintain for 45 min or more spontaneously select a level close to this intensity. There is increasing evidence that training targeted at this level is efficient for reducing fat mass, sparing muscle mass, increasing the ability to oxidize lipids during exercise, lowering blood pressure and low-grade inflammation, improving insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity, reducing blood glucose and HbA1c in type 2 diabetes, and decreasing the circulating cholesterol level. Training protocols based on this concept are easy to implement and accept in very sedentary patients and have shown an unexpected efficacy over the long term. They also represent a useful add-on to bariatric surgery in order to maintain and improve its weight-lowering effect. Additional studies are required to confirm and more precisely analyze the determinants of LIPOXmax and the long-term effects of training at this level on body composition, metabolism, and health.

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Section: Exercise (Regardless Of Its Mode or Intensity) Is A Powerful...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond the Calorie Paradigm: Taking into Account in Practice the Balance of Fat and Carbohydrate Oxidation during Exercise?

et al. 2022

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“…Lysine is involved in aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis and was increased in trained group. Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis was associated with higher physical activity, a less sedentary lifestyle and high-intensity interval training [61][62][63]. Using metabolomes in stool and serum, the same metabolic pathway was identified as altered in endurance cross-country athletes, reflecting modifications in protein synthesis [64].…”

Section: Differences In Urine 1 H-nmr Metabolomes Between the Trained...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise and Interorgan Communication: Short-Term Exercise Training Blunts Differences in Consecutive Daily Urine 1H-NMR Metabolomic Signatures between Physically Active and Inactive Individuals

et al. 2022

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Physical inactivity is a worldwide health problem, an important risk for global mortality and is associated with chronic noncommunicable diseases. The aim of this study was to explore the differences in systemic urine 1H-NMR metabolomes between physically active and inactive healthy young males enrolled in the X-Adapt project in response to controlled exercise (before and after the 3-day exercise testing and 10-day training protocol) in normoxic (21% O2), normobaric (~1000 hPa) and normal-temperature (23 °C) conditions at 1 h of 50% maximal pedaling power output (Wpeak) per day. Interrogation of the exercise database established from past X-Adapt results showed that significant multivariate differences existed in physiological traits between trained and untrained groups before and after training sessions and were mirrored in significant differences in urine pH, salinity, total dissolved solids and conductivity. Cholate, tartrate, cadaverine, lysine and N6-acetyllisine were the most important metabolites distinguishing trained and untrained groups. The relatively little effort of 1 h 50% Wpeak per day invested by the untrained effectively modified their resting urine metabolome into one indistinguishable from the trained group, which hence provides a good basis for the planning of future recommendations for health maintenance in adults, irrespective of the starting fitness value. Finally, the 3-day sessions of morning urine samples represent a good candidate biological matrix for future delineations of active and inactive lifestyles detecting differences unobservable by single-day sampling due to day-to-day variability.

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“…U.S. acculturation can also shape gut microbiota, leading to reduced microbiome diversity and function [16]. Other factors that can impact blood metabolites, like lifestyle factors [7,[17][18][19], socio-economic status (SES) [20] and drug intake [21] are subjected to change after arriving to the U.S. [1,22,23]. Therefore, examining the interplay between blood metabolome, various factors, and health outcomes may help advance our understanding of elevated disease risk among immigrants during the acculturation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood metabolomic shift links diet and gut microbiota to multiple health outcomes among Hispanic/Latino immigrants in the U.S.

Li,

Peters,

et al. 2024

Preprint

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SummaryImmigrants from less industrialized countries who are living in the U.S. often bear an elevated risk of multiple disease due to the adoption of a U.S. lifestyle. Blood metabolome holds valuable information on environmental exposure and the pathogenesis of chronic diseases, offering insights into the link between environmental factors and disease burden. Analyzing 634 serum metabolites from 7,114 Hispanics (1,141 U.S.-born, 5,973 foreign-born) in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL), we identified profound blood metabolic shift during acculturation. Machine learning highlighted the prominent role of non-genetic factors, especially food and gut microbiota, in these changes. Immigration-related metabolites correlated with plant-based foods and beneficial gut bacteria for foreign-born Hispanics, and with meat-based or processed food and unfavorable gut bacteria for U.S.-born Hispanics. Cardiometabolic traits, liver, and kidney function exhibited a link with immigration-related metabolic changes, which were also linked to increased risk of diabetes, severe obesity, chronic kidney disease, and asthma.Graphical abstractHighlightsA substantial proportion of identified blood metabolites differ between U.S.-born and foreign-born Hispanics/Latinos in the U.S.Food and gut microbiota are the major modifiable contributors to blood metabolomic difference between U.S.-born and foreign-born Hispanics/Latinos.U.S. nativity related metabolites collectively correlate with a spectrum of clinical traits and chronic diseases.

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Metabolomic profiles of being physically active and less sedentary: a critical review

Cited by 4 publications

References 71 publications

Beyond the Calorie Paradigm: Taking into Account in Practice the Balance of Fat and Carbohydrate Oxidation during Exercise?

Beyond the Calorie Paradigm: Taking into Account in Practice the Balance of Fat and Carbohydrate Oxidation during Exercise?

Exercise and Interorgan Communication: Short-Term Exercise Training Blunts Differences in Consecutive Daily Urine 1H-NMR Metabolomic Signatures between Physically Active and Inactive Individuals

Blood metabolomic shift links diet and gut microbiota to multiple health outcomes among Hispanic/Latino immigrants in the U.S.

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