Metabolomic Insight into Polycystic Ovary Syndrome—An Overview

Rajska, Anna; Buszewska-Forajta, Magdalena; Rachoń, Dominik; Markuszewski, Michał J.

doi:10.3390/ijms21144853

Cited by 61 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…These associations of studied polymorphisms on glycemic load could be essential in understanding PCOS pathogenesis, since IR plays a key role in the pathophysiology of PCOS and is associated with both ovulatory dysfunction and hyperandrogenism [41]. Our results emphasize the potential view of PCOS as a metabolic disorder, which was already indicated in recent metabolomic studies [41,42]. Several specific metabolic pathways, including protein, lipid, and carbohydrate metabolism and the TCA cycle, appear to be disturbed in PCOS [43].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…Another study on an Indian population showed that this polymorphism may serve as a biomarker to identify type 2 diabetes patients who are at risk of developing coronary artery disease [40]. These associations of studied polymorphisms on glycemic load could be essential in understanding PCOS pathogenesis, since IR plays a key role in the pathophysiology of PCOS and is associated with both ovulatory dysfunction and hyperandrogenism [41]. Our results emphasize the potential view of PCOS as a metabolic disorder, which was already indicated in recent metabolomic studies [41,42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic Variability in Antioxidative and Inflammatory Pathways Modifies the Risk for PCOS and Influences Metabolic Profile of the Syndrome

et al. 2020

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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine and metabolic disorder of multifactorial etiopathology likely to involve the interactions between genetics and lifestyle. Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress (OS) may participate in the pathophysiology of the syndrome. The question of the extent to which OS and inflammation are causally related to the development of the syndrome and metabolic complications remains unanswered. By our knowledge, the role of the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome as an important trigger of inflammatory pathways and NLRP3 and CARD8 polymorphisms has never been addressed in PCOS yet. We conducted a case-control study conducting of total 169 Slovenian PCOS patients and 83 healthy blood donors. They were genotyped for polymorphisms in antioxidative (SOD2 rs4880, CAT rs1001179, PON1 rs854560, and rs662) and inflammatory pathways genes (NLRP3 rs35829419, CARD8 rs2043211, TNF rs1800629, IL1B rs1143623, and rs16944, IL6 rs1800795) using competitive allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Logistic regression and the Mann–Whitney test were used in the statistical analysis. SOD2 rs4880, CARD8 rs2043211, and IL1B rs16944 were associated with the risk of developing PCOS. Furthermore, the interactions between CARD8 rs2043211 and IL6 rs1800795 and between IL1B rs1143623 and IL6 rs1800795 also significantly affected the risk for PCOS. With regard to glucose homeostasis, CAT rs1001179, SOD2 rs4880, PON1 rs854560, NLRP3 rs35829419, and TNF rs1800629 were significantly associated with response to the glycemic load. Our data indicate that the genetic variability in the antioxidative and inflammatory pathways influences the development of PCOS and glucose homeostasis in PCOS patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Variability in Antioxidative and Inflammatory Pathways Modifies the Risk for PCOS and Influences Metabolic Profile of the Syndrome

et al. 2020

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“…It was reported that there are many factors related to a statistically significant increase in the follicular fluid of PCOS women compared to women without PCOS [98]. Some factors are involved in an increased proinflammatory reaction (chronic low-grade inflammation), metabolism, and oxidation process [3,79,[98][99][100][101]. Some are amino acids, such as valine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, lysine, succinate, and malate.…”

Section: Possible Molecular Mechanisms Of Laparoscopic Ovarian Drillingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a frequent metabolic disorder, characterized by chronic anovulation, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovaries in ultrasonography; PCOS affects 5-10% of women of reproductive age [1][2][3][4][5]. Recent studies show that 50% of women with PCOS fulfill the criteria of metabolic syndrome [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Medical and surgical interventions after adequate lifestyle modifications have been tried [2,3,10,12,15,. All PCOS women, especially those in the obese population, should be encouraged to undergo behavioral modifications, dietary interventions, exercise interventions, and obesity and BW assessments [2,3,10,12,15,. The medical therapies reported to be useful for PCOS women include oral contraceptive pills, anti-obesity pharmacological agents, anti-androgen pharmacological agents, and ovulation induction agents [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Mechanisms of Laparoscopic Ovarian Drilling and Its Therapeutic Effects in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Seow¹,

Chang

Chen

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinopathy, characterized by chronic anovulation, hyperandrogenism, and multiple small subcapsular cystic follicles in the ovary during ultrasonography, and affects 5–10% of women of reproductive age. PCOS is frequently associated with insulin resistance (IR) accompanied by compensatory hyperinsulinemia and, therefore, presents an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). The pathophysiology of PCOS is unclear, and many hypotheses have been proposed. Among these hypotheses, IR and hyperandrogenism may be the two key factors. The first line of treatment in PCOS includes lifestyle changes and body weight reduction. Achieving a 5–15% body weight reduction may improve IR and PCOS-associated hormonal abnormalities. For women who desire pregnancy, clomiphene citrate (CC) is the front-line treatment for ovulation induction. Twenty five percent of women may fail to ovulate spontaneously after three cycles of CC treatment, which is called CC-resistant PCOS. For CC-resistant PCOS women, there are many strategies to improve ovulation rate, including medical treatment and surgical approaches. Among the various surgical approaches, one particular surgical method, called laparoscopic ovarian drilling (LOD), has been proposed as an alternative treatment. LOD results in an overall spontaneous ovulation rate of 30–90% and final pregnancy rates of 13–88%. These benefits are more significant for women with CC-resistant PCOS. Although the intra- and post-operative complications and sequelae are always important, we believe that a better understanding of the pathophysiological changes and/or molecular mechanisms after LOD may provide a rationale for this procedure. LOD, mediated mainly by thermal effects, produces a series of morphological and biochemical changes. These changes include the formation of artificial holes in the very thick cortical wall, loosening of the dense and hard cortical wall, destruction of ovarian follicles with a subsequently decreased amount of theca and/or granulosa cells, destruction of ovarian stromal tissue with the subsequent development of transient but purulent and acute inflammatory reactions to initiate the immune response, and the continuing leakage or drainage of “toxic” follicular fluid in these immature and growth-ceased pre-antral follicles. All these factors contribute to decreasing local and systemic androgen levels, the following apoptosis process with these pre-antral follicles to atresia; the re-starting of normal follicular recruitment, development, and maturation, and finally, the normalization of the “hypothalamus–pituitary–ovary” axis and subsequent spontaneous ovulation. The detailed local and systematic changes in PCOS women after LOD are comprehensively reviewed in the current article.

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New insights into the interaction between polycystic ovary syndrome and psychiatric disorders: A narrative review

Geng

Huang

et al. 2023

Intl J Gynecology & Obste

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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disease characterized by hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, and ovarian polycystic changes, which combines with reproductive problems, metabolic disorders, and psychological disorders to exhibit a far‐reaching impact on the physical and mental health of women. We reviewed previous research and discovered that psychiatric disorders are more common in PCOS patients and their children, potentially exacerbating the condition and creating a vicious loop. To understand the reasons, relevant articles were collected following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analyses guidelines from PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, through December 2022. Evidence suggested that PCOS‐related clinical manifestations, hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance, obesity, gut dysbiosis, and other variables may increase the risk of psychiatric disorders in patients. In turn, psychiatric disorders may aggravate the pathologic process of PCOS and increase the difficulty of the treatment. We systematically reported the mechanisms underlying the psychiatric disorders‐PCOS interactions, intending to provide potential ways to break the vicious cycle and lay the groundwork for future research. However, research on PCOS and psychiatric disorders were still in initial stages, which limited the scope of this review. More studies are needed to further verify our findings.

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Metabolomic Insight into Polycystic Ovary Syndrome—An Overview

Cited by 61 publications

References 52 publications

Genetic Variability in Antioxidative and Inflammatory Pathways Modifies the Risk for PCOS and Influences Metabolic Profile of the Syndrome

Genetic Variability in Antioxidative and Inflammatory Pathways Modifies the Risk for PCOS and Influences Metabolic Profile of the Syndrome

Molecular Mechanisms of Laparoscopic Ovarian Drilling and Its Therapeutic Effects in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

New insights into the interaction between polycystic ovary syndrome and psychiatric disorders: A narrative review

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