Metabolomic and transcriptomic responses of Adiantum (Adiantum nelumboides) leaves under drought, half-waterlogging, and rewater conditions

Abstract

Introduction:Adiantum nelumboides (Adiantum) is an endangered fern with a narrow distribution along the Yangtze River in China. Due to its cliff-dwelling habit, it experiences water stress conditions, which further endangers its survival. However, no information is available about its molecular responses to drought and half-waterlogging conditions.Methods: Here, we applied five and ten days of half-waterlogging stress, five days of drought stress, and rewatering after five days of drought stress, and studied the resulting metabolome profiles and transcriptome signatures of Adiantum leaves.Results and Discussion: The metabolome profiling detected 864 metabolites. The drought and half-waterlogging stress induced up-accumulation of primary and secondary metabolites including amino acids and derivatives, nucleotides and derivatives, flavonoids, alkaloids, and phenolic acid accumulation in Adiantum leaves. Whereas, rewatering the drought-stressed seedlings reversed most of these metabolic changes. Transcriptome sequencing confirmed the differential metabolite profiles, where the genes enriched in pathways associated with these metabolites showed similar expression patterns. Overall, the half-waterlogging stress for 10 days induced large-scale metabolic and transcriptomic changes compared to half-waterlogging stress for 05 days, drought stress for 05 days or rewatering for 05 days.Conclusion: This pioneering attempt provides a detailed understanding of molecular responses of Adiantum leaves to drought and half-waterlogging stresses and rewater conditions. This study also provides useful clues for the genetic improvement of Adiantum for drought/half-waterlogging stress tolerance.

Elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying grassland species in response to more persistent precipitation regimes

“…Re-watering often (partially) reversed the changes of many metabolites induced by drought stress. However, notable differences were found between species (Liang et al 2023;Shen et al 2022;Warren et al 2012). For instance, in some Eucalyptus species, further increases of some metabolites such as fructose, glucose and proto-quercitol decrease osmotic potential during re-watering, which are considered as helping plants cope with future water stress (Warren et al 2012).…”