Metabolomic Analysis of Severe Osteoarthritis in a Spanish Population of Women Compared to Healthy and Osteoporotic Subjects

Abstract

Bone pathologies such as osteoporosis (OTP) and osteoarthritis (OA) are rising in incidence with the worldwide rise in life expectancy. The diagnosis is usually obtained using imaging techniques such as densitometry, but with both being multifactorial diseases, several molecular mechanisms remain to be understood. Metabolomics offers the potential to detect global changes which can lead to the identification of biomarkers and a better insight in the progress of the diseases. Our aim was to compare the metabolic profiles of a cohort of 100 postmenopausal women, including subcapital hip fragility fracture patients, women with severe OA of the hip that required the implantation of a hip prosthesis and controls, to find altered metabolites and networks. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used to obtain the metabolomic profiles of peripheral blood derived serum, and statistical analysis was performed using MATLAB V.6.5. 30 of the 73 metabolites analysed showed statistically significant differences in a 3-way ANOVA, and 11 of them were present in the comparison between OA and controls after adjustment by covariates, including amino acids, energy metabolism metabolites and phospholipid precursors. PLS-DA analysis shows a good discrimination between controls and fracture subjects with OA patients, and ROC curve analysis demonstrates that control and fracture subjects were accurately discriminated using the metabolome, but not OA. These results point to OA as an intermediate metabolic state between controls and fracture, and suggest that some metabolic shifts that happen after a fracture are also present at weaker intensity in the OA process.

Differential Metabolites in Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Of the remaining 44 studies, 1 was excluded due to incomplete information, 3 were excluded due to no access to the full text, and 27 were not eligible according to our criteria. At last, 13 studies [38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50] were included for qualitative synthesis. Of those 13 studies, 4 studies [38,44,47,48] with 495 participant (242 in OA group, 253 in healthy control group) were recruited into the meta-analysis.…”

“…All of the included studies were published between 2009 and 2022 and designed as case-control studies. Eight studies [43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50] were reported in English and five studies [38][39][40][41][42] in Chinese. The participants were recruited from Spain [46], the UK [43], Estonia [47], Canada [44] and China [38][39][40][41][42]45,[48][49][50].…”

“…Eight studies [43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50] were reported in English and five studies [38][39][40][41][42] in Chinese. The participants were recruited from Spain [46], the UK [43], Estonia [47], Canada [44] and China [38][39][40][41][42]45,[48][49][50]. All studies were well-matched by age and sex, except one study [45] that failed to report the age information.…”

Application of metabolomics in osteoporosis research

“…Findings suggest that diabetes mellitus combined with OP will further lead to significant changes in amino acid metabolism and energy metabolism, such as tricarboxylic acid cycle products and various branched-chain amino acids ( 75 ). OP combined with osteoarthritis will further alter the phospholipid precursors, energy metabolism and amino acid metabolites of OP ( 82 ). In addition, lipoprotein and amino acid metabolites are significantly different when OP is associated with atherosclerosis ( 83 ).…”

The Effects of Claw Health and Bone Mineral Density on Lameness in Duroc Boars

“…There are many other factors that could affect bone mineral density, such as age, exercise, body weight, and serum mineral level [16]. As we all know, age can significantly affect bone mineral density.…”