Metabolomic Analysis of Rhizosphere Soil Fertility in Maize (Zea mays) at Milking Stage

Abstract

In this study rhizosphere soil of cornat a milk stage was collected to investigate characteristic metabolites and their potential functions. Total nitrogen, organic matters, ammonium nitrogen, pH values, available phosphorus and potassium were determined by semimicro-Kjeldahl method, potassium dichromate (external heating) method, indophenol blue colorimetric method, potentiometry, NaHCO3leaching-molybdenum-antimony colorimetric method and NH4OAc leaching-flame spectrometry, respectively. In addition, UPLC-Q/TOF-MS was adopted for non-targeted metabolomicanalysis. As revealed by results, the total nitrogen contents in soils collected from Dongchuang (i.e., DCMRS for short)0.67±0.14mg/kg lower than from Fumin (i.e., FMMRS for short); moreover, both DCMRS and FMMRS were acid soils. DCMRS contains higher levels of AN (Ammonium nitrogen), SOC (Soil organic carbon), and AP (Available phosphorus) than FMMRS. The amount of TN (Total nitrogen) contained in FMMRS soil was2.410±0.422mg/kg, which is higher than DCMRS. All data derived from UPLC-Q/TOF-MS met the corresponding requirements for further analysis. Metabolites such as 2-methyl-1-propylamine, gamma-butyrolactone and 3-methyl-1-butylamine were detected in DCMRS and FMMRS samples. Several pathways were included, such as lipid metabolism, xenobioticsbiodegradation and metabolism, terpenoids and polyketides, and amino acid metabolism. Through comparison of FMMRS and DCMRS, metabolic pathways associated with nitrogen, carbon, and antibiotic metabolism including iron transport were significantly different between them. Taken together, FMMRS is more fertile, less acidic, and higher in nitrogen than DCMRS.© 2021 Friends Science Publishers

Research on the Influence of Socialization Strategy of Online Educating Platform on Users' Learning Behavior

“…In traditional organisational behaviour, most scholars agree that organisational identity promotes employees' organisational commitment, increases employee satisfaction, job satisfaction and reduces employee turnover. Similarly, because in online learning platforms, the formation of users' platform identity makes the platform identity part of the platform members' selves, creates a strong emotional bond with the platform, and makes them more likely to clock in to learn and contribute more learning time [12]. At the same time, platform identity implies the user's acceptance of other members, and platform members will establish certain emotional ties with each other, making it easier to develop a sense of belonging and increase members' embeddedness, thus influencing members' willingness to continuously participate in the platform.…”