Metabolites of the honey mushroom, <i>Armillaria</i><i>mellea</i>

Ayer, William A.; Macaulay, John B.

doi:10.1139/v87-002

Cited by 38 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…This is, to our knowledge, the first report of any of these compounds among bacteria. Apart from vascular plants, 1 has been reported from a epiphytic lichen and its mycobiont 23 , as well as from the fungus Armillaria mellea , which is parasitic on several conifers 24 . One immediate implication of the present report is that the suitability of 1 and 2 as biomarkers for plants needs to be reassessed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The conifer biomarkers dehydroabietic and abietic acids are widespread in Cyanobacteria

Costa

Rego

Ramos

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Terpenes, a large family of natural products with important applications, are commonly associated with plants and fungi. The diterpenoids dehydroabietic and abietic acids are defense metabolites abundant in resin, and are used as biomarkers for conifer plants. We report here for the first time that the two diterpenoid acids are produced by members of several genera of cyanobacteria. Dehydroabietic acid was isolated from two cyanobacterial strains and its identity was confirmed spectroscopically. One or both of the diterpenoids were detected in the cells of phylogenetically diverse cyanobacteria belonging to four cyanobacterial ‘botanical orders’, from marine, estuarine and inland environments. Dehydroabietic acid was additionally found in culture supernatants. We investigated the natural role of the two resin acids in cyanobacteria using ecologically-relevant bioassays and found that the compounds inhibited the growth of a small coccoid cyanobacterium. The unexpected discovery of dehydroabietic and abietic acids in a wide range of cyanobacteria has implications for their use as plant biomarkers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The conifer biomarkers dehydroabietic and abietic acids are widespread in Cyanobacteria

Costa

Rego

Ramos

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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“…For example, diatretol, a modified diketopiperazine composed of l ‐leucine and l ‐phenylalanine, reported from A. ectypa shows some activity against the bacterium Bacillus and the Brassicaceous plant Lepidium (peppercress) (Arnone et al ., 1996). Ayer and Macaulay (1987) reported a series of abietane‐ or pimarane‐derived diterpene carboxylic acids, which are ‘scaffolds’ not known from other fungi, but primarily from conifers. Finally, armillaramide, a novel sphingolipid, was isolated from basidiocarps of a Chinese A. mellea isolate (Gao et al ., 2001).…”

Section: In Vitro and In Planta Pathogen Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Secrets of the subterranean pathosystem of Armillaria

Baumgartner

Coetzee

Hoffmeister

2011

Molecular Plant Pathology

160

174

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Armillaria root disease affects fruit and nut crops, timber trees and ornamentals in boreal, temperate and tropical regions of the world. The causal pathogens are members of the genus Armillaria (Basidiomycota, Physalacriaceae). This review summarizes the state of knowledge and highlights recent advances in Armillaria research. Taxonomy:Armillaria includes more than 40 morphological species. However, the identification and delineation of species on the basis of morphological characters are problematic, resulting in many species being undetected. Implementation of the biological species' concept and DNA sequence comparisons in the contemporary taxonomy of Armillaria have led to the discovery of a number of new species that are not linked to described morphological species.Host range: Armillaria exhibits a range of symbioses with both plants and fungi. As plant pathogens, Armillaria species have broad host ranges, infecting mostly woody species. Armillaria can also colonize orchids Galeola and Gastrodia but, in this case, the fungus is the host and the plant is the parasite. Similar to its contrasting relationships with plants, Armillaria acts as either host or parasite in its interactions with other fungi.Disease control: Recent research on post-infection controls has revealed promising alternatives to the former pre-plant eradication attempts with soil fumigants, which are now being regulated more heavily or banned outright because of their negative effects on the environment. New study tools for genetic manipulation of the pathogen and characterization of the molecular basis of the host response will greatly advance the development of resistant rootstocks in a new stage of research. The depth of the research, regardless of whether traditional or genomic approaches are used, will depend on a clear understanding of where the different propagules of Armillaria attack a root system, which of the pathogen's diverse biolymer-degrading enzymes and secondary metabolites facilitate infection, and how the course of infection differs between resistant and susceptible hosts.

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“…12 In a Canadian study, three strains of the fungus honey mushroom, recognized as a species within the Armillaria mellea complex, parasitic on pine and spruce, produced dehydroabietic acid, which occurs widely in higher plants as well as in Cyanobacteria. [13][14][15] Tree moss is a complex natural product, and more than 90 constituents 1 have been detected: in theory, it is possible that patients with positive patch test reactions to tree moss and colophonium are sensitized not only to common oxidized resin acids, but also to other potential allergens of tree moss. The reactions might thus represent both false cross-reactions and cosensitization to unrelated allergens.…”

Section: When Tree Moss Is Collected On Pine Trees In the Massif Centmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fragrant and sticky allergens from the pinewood: Cohabiting and coreacting

Paulsen

Andersen

2019

Contact Dermatitis

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Background: Tree moss (Pseudevernia furfuracea [L.] Zopf.), a lichen growing on conifers, is a frequent fragrance sensitizer. Previous studies have shown two subgroups of tree moss-allergic patients: a group sensitized to common allergens of tree and oak moss (Evernia prunastri), and another group sensitized to colophonium-derived allergens, which may contaminate tree moss extract.Objectives: To report the results of including tree moss extract in the baseline series and discuss the clinical implications.Methods: Tree moss extract was included in the baseline series and sensitized patients were assessed for concomitant allergy to colophonium and oak moss, and the relevance of these reactions was analyzed.Results: Altogether, 22 of 632 patients (3.5%) had positive reactions to tree moss.Eight patients were sensitized to tree moss only (among fragrance allergens) and 75% had relevant reactions to colophonium. Fourteen patients were sensitized to other fragrance allergens as well and 28.5% had relevant colophonium reactions. Conclusions:The prevalence of positive tree moss reactions is high enough to justify its inclusion in the baseline series. If tree moss is not included, patients with positive colophonium reactions should be informed of possible (false) cross-reactivity to tree moss to avoid this labeled fragrance allergen. K E Y W O R D Sallergic contact dermatitis,

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Metabolites of the honey mushroom, Armillariamellea

Cited by 38 publications

References 7 publications

The conifer biomarkers dehydroabietic and abietic acids are widespread in Cyanobacteria

The conifer biomarkers dehydroabietic and abietic acids are widespread in Cyanobacteria

Secrets of the subterranean pathosystem of Armillaria

Fragrant and sticky allergens from the pinewood: Cohabiting and coreacting

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