Metabolites of Geum aleppicum and Sibbaldianthe bifurca: Diversity and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Potential

Abstract

α-Glucosidase inhibitors are essential in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Plant-derived drugs are promising sources of new compounds with glucosidase-inhibiting ability. The Geum aleppicum Jacq. and Sibbaldianthe bifurca (L.) Kurtto & T.Erikss. herbs are used in many traditional medical systems to treat diabetes. In this study, metabolites of the G. aleppicum and S. bifurca herbs in active growth, flowering, and fruiting stages were investigated using high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array and electrospray ionization triple quadrupole mass spectrometric detection (HPLC-PDA-ESI-tQ-MS/MS). In total, 29 compounds in G. aleppicum and 41 components in S. bifurca were identified including carbohydrates, organic acids, benzoic and ellagic acid derivatives, ellagitannins, flavonoids, and triterpenoids. Gemin A, miquelianin, niga-ichigoside F1, and 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid 4-O-glucoside were the dominant compounds in the G. aleppicum herb, while guaiaverin, miquelianin, tellimagrandin II2, casuarictin, and glucose were prevailing compounds in the S. bifurca herb. On the basis of HPLC activity-based profiling of the G. aleppicum herb extract, the most pronounced inhibition of α-glucosidase was observed for gemin A and quercetin-3-O-glucuronide. The latter compound and quercetin-3-O-arabinoside demonstrated maximal inhibition of α-glucosidase in the S. bifurca herb extract. The obtained results confirm the prospects of using these plant compounds as possible sources of hypoglycemic nutraceuticals.

Chemodiversity of Arctic Plant Dryas oxyodonta: LC-MS Profile and Antioxidant Activity

“…Gallotannins are widely distributed in representatives of the Rosaceae family [ 32 ]. Gallotannins, in particular glucogallin, are known to participate in the biosynthesis of 1,2,3,4,6-pentagalloylglucose, a precursor to ellagitannins [ 33 ] frequently found in the Rosoideae subfamily [ 19 , 34 , 35 ]. Notably, ellagitannins were not detected in D. oxyodonta despite the fact that the genus Dryas was previously included in the Rosoideae subfamily [ 36 ].…”

“…This situation mirrors the one observed with triterpenes. In D. oxyodonta , all detected triterpenes belonged to the ursane type, a common triterpenoid found in various members of the Rosaceae family [ 19 , 50 , 51 ]. Consequently, this triterpenoid type cannot serve as a distinguishing criterion for chemodiversity within the Dryas genus.…”

“…As part of our ongoing investigation into the metabolomes of Rosaceae family members [ 17 , 18 , 19 ], we conducted, for the first time, a comprehensive qualitative and quantitative chromatographic analysis of extracts from D. oxyodonta ’s leaves and flowers, collected from diverse Siberian habitats. Employing HPLC–PDA–ESI–tQ–MS, we evaluated these extracts for their chemical constituents and antioxidant potential.…”

Coumarins of Ferulopsis hystrix: LC–MS Profiling and Gastroprotective and Antioxidant Activities of Skimmin and Peucenidin

“…The chromatographic separation of the F. hystrix root extract identified 42 compounds (including various derivatives of umbelliferone, vaginidiol, and peucedanol [46][47][48][54][55][56][57]), and the mass spectra showed which typical ions were produced via the protonation and loss of fragments of hexose (m/z 162), pentose (m/z 132), and acetyl (m/z 42). Moreover, a cascade of adduct ions were produced using lithium, sodium, and potassium, which is typical for coumarins [48] (Figure 2, Table 1).…”

Response of serum biochemical profile, antioxidant enzymes, and gut microbiota to dietary Hong-bailanshen supplementation in horses

“…Therefore, they can be considered one of the first functional food ingredients. Rhodiola rosea , Atractylodes, Gei Herba, and Codonopsis are commonly used traditional Chinese herbs with various health benefits ( Hung et al, 2011 ; Ishaque et al, 2012 ; Gao et al, 2018 ; Zhu et al, 2018 ; Kashchenko et al, 2023 ). Numerous researchers have recognized their safety, and these herbs are widely used in animals ( Zhao et al, 2006 ; Gupta et al, 2008 ; Ding et al, 2023 ).…”