Metabolite and hormonal profiles in heat stroke patients at Mecca Pilgrimage

Abstract

Sera obtained during the Hajj seasons of 1985, 1986, 1987 and 1988 from 125 heat stroke patients were collected and subjected to chemical analysis which included determination of glucose, lactate, cholesterol, and triglycerides, as well as assay of T3, T4, TSH and cortisol. Hyperglycaemia and lactic acidaemia were found to be the most frequent metabolic abnormalities. The changes in cholesterol did not exhibit a specific pattern. Triglycerides were significantly elevated in only 6% of patients. Cortisol levels were very significantly elevated in precooled patients. Although the mean T3 levels remained within the normal range, the mean concentration on admission was significantly higher than the post-cooling mean. TSH and T4 levels did not show significant changes.

Honokiol Protected against Heatstroke-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Diabetic Rats

“…As mentioned in Section 1, the patients with diabetes were susceptible to heat stroke at Mecca Pilgrimage [1]. Our present study further showed that heat-induced multiple organ dysfunction or failure in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats was related to tissue inflammation and oxidative stress.…”

“…Among the patients with heatstroke at the Mecca Pilgrimage, most of them had diabetes with hyperglycemia [1]. Indeed, compared with nondiabetic rats, diabetic rats were more susceptible to heat stroke occurrence [2, 3].…”

Biomarkers of multiorgan injury in a preclinical model of exertional heat stroke

“…Whether this would be extended beyond the early recovery period would depend on what systems were damaged. Clinically, the hyperglycemia we observed after EHS is of interest, because in humans, heat stroke frequently presents with hyperglycemia at the time of admission (17,31), which has proven to be among the best predictors of long-term heat stroke mortality (17). The hyperglycemia could also reflect artifacts of other underlying processes such as inflammation and stress.…”

Emergency Response of Indian Hajj Medical Missionto Heat Illness Among Indian Pilgrims in Tent-Clinics atMina and Arafat During Hajj, 2016

“…The complications of heatstroke include hematuria, psychosis, pulmonary edema, lactic acidosis, renal failure, consumptive coagulopathy, and metabolic abnormalities. [14][15][16][17][18] Extreme heat, overcrowding, physical exertion, dehydration, language barriers, tough living conditions, and presence in a foreign country for a long duration precipitate stress-related problems. [4][5][6]19,20 Extreme heat affects performance and productivity and predisposes people to societal conflicts, violent crimes, and civil wars.…”