Metabolism of Thyroid Hormone in Liver

Tj, Visser; Rutgers, Marja; Herder, Wouter W. de; Rooda, Sebo Jan Eelkman; Hazenberg, M. P.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-74247-7_46

Cited by 4 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This a family of enzymes that remove an iodine atom from the phenolic or tyrosyl ring of TH (Bianco & Kim 2006, Visser & Peeters 2012. Type 1 deiodinase (D1) is capable of both inner and outer ring deiodination.…”

Section: Intracellular Thyroid Hormone Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Type 2 deiodinase (D2) is capable of phenolic or outer ring deiodination resulting in the conversion of the prohormone T 4 to the active hormone T 3 (Bianco & Kim 2006). Approximately 80% of extra-thyroidal T 3 is derived from peripheral deiodination of T 4 , mainly by D1 in the liver and D2 in skeletal muscle (Visser & Peeters 2012). Type 3 deiodinase (D3) is an inner ring deiodinase that converts T 4 and T 3 to their respective inactive metabolites rT 3 and T 2 (Bianco & Kim 2006).…”

Section: Intracellular Thyroid Hormone Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The precise mechanisms of these metabolic pathways are beyond the scope of this review and have been discussed by other authors in more detail (Wu et al 2005, Visser & Peeters 2012.…”

Section: Intracellular Thyroid Hormone Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Thyroid hormone metabolism in innate immune cells

Spek

Fliers

Boelen

2017

Journal of Endocrinology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Thyroid hormone (TH) metabolism and thyroid status have been linked to various aspects of the immune response. There is extensive literature available on the effects of thyroid hormone on innate immune cells. However, only recently have authors begun to study the mechanisms behind these effects and the role of intracellular TH metabolism in innate immune cell function during inflammation. This review provides an overview of the molecular machinery of intracellular TH metabolism present in neutrophils, macrophages and dendritic cells and the role and effects of intracellular TH metabolism in these cells. Circulating TH levels have a profound effect on neutrophil, macrophage and dendritic cell function. In general, increased TH levels result in an amplification of the pro-inflammatory response of these cells. The mechanisms behind these effects include both genomic and non-genomic effects of TH. Besides a pro-inflammatory effect induced by extracellular TH, the cellular response to pro-inflammatory stimuli appears to be dependent on functional intracellular TH metabolism. This is illustrated by the fact that the deiodinase enzymes and in some cell types also thyroid hormone receptors appear to be crucial for adequate innate immune cell function. This overview of the literature suggests that TH metabolism plays an important role in the host defence against infection through the modulation of innate immune cell function.

show abstract

Section: Intracellular Thyroid Hormone Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Intracellular Thyroid Hormone Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Thyroid hormone metabolism in innate immune cells

Spek

Fliers

Boelen

2017

Journal of Endocrinology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…St Germain and Galton (review) 1997; Visser, 1988, Kohrle et al 1991 CHROMATOGRAPHY-BASED METHOD FOR ASSESSING DEIODINASE ACTIVITY…”

Section: Documentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…rT3 is the preferred substrate (Visser, 1997). Although it catalyses the conversion of T4 to T3 much less effectively, D1 is considered to be the major source of circulating T3 (Visser, 1988, Kohrle et al 1991. D1 is reduced under conditions of hypothyroidism and increased during hyperthyroidism.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

New Scoping Document on in vitro and ex vivo Assays for the Identification of Modulators of Thyroid Hormone Signalling

2014

OECD Series on Testing and Assessment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Complete document available on OLIS in its original formatThis document and any map included herein are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. About the OECDThe Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) is an intergovernmental organisation in which representatives of 34 industrialised countries in North and South America, Europe and the Asia and Pacific region, as well as the European Commission, meet to co-ordinate and harmonise policies, discuss issues of mutual concern, and work together to respond to international problems. Most of the OECD's work is carried out by more than 200 specialised committees and working groups composed of member country delegates. Observers from several countries with special status at the OECD, and from interested international organisations, attend many of the OECD's workshops and other meetings. Committees and working groups are served by the OECD Secretariat, located in Paris, France, which is organised into directorates and divisions. This publication was developed in the IOMC context. The contents do not necessarily reflect the views or stated policies of individual IOMC Participating Organisations.The Inter-Organisation Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals (IOMC) was established in 1995 following recommendations made by the 1992 UN Conference on Environment and Development to strengthen co-operation and increase international co-ordination in the field of chemical safety. The Participating Organisations are FAO, ILO, UNDP, UNEP, UNIDO, UNITAR, WHO, World Bank and OECD. The purpose of the IOMC is to promote co-ordination of the policies and activities pursued by the Participating Organisations, jointly or separately, to achieve the sound management of chemicals in relation to human health and the environment. FOREWORDThis new scoping document aims at bringing forward relevant in vitro and ex vivo thyroid assays to the attention of OECD member countries, to provide recommendations for their development/use, and also, to identify aspects/blocks of the thyroid signalling pathways that are not covered and would require further development of thyroid assays. ACRONYMS, ABBREVIATIONS AND DEFINITIONS ADMEAbsorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion AhR aryl hydrocarbon receptor AMA Amphibian Metamorphosis Assay (OECD TG 231) AOP adverse outcome pathway AOP is a sequence of events from the exposure of an individual or population to a chemical substance through a final adverse (toxic) effect at the individual level (for human health) or population level (for ecotoxicological endpoints). AR androgen receptorAssay An experimental system that can be used to obtain a range of information from chemical properties through the adverse effects of a substance. The terms 'assay' and 'test method' may be used interchangeably for wildlife as well as for mammalian studies (OECD, 2005) Indicators of Hormonal activit...

show abstract

The role of sulfation in thyroid hormone metabolism

Visser

Buuren

Rutgers

et al. 1990

Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase (1D-I) in liver and kidney converts the prohormone thyroxine ('1"4) by outer ring deiodination (ORD) to bioactive 3,3',5-triiodothyronine (T3) or by inner ring deiodination (IRD) to inactive 3,3',5-"triiodothronine (rT3), while it also catalyzes the IRD of T3 and the ORD of rT 3, with the latter as the preferred substrate. Sulfation of the phenolic hydroxyl group blocks the ORD of T 4, while it strongly stimulates the IRD of both T 4 and T3, indicating that sulfation is an important step in the irreversible inactivation of thyroid hormone. This review summarizes recent studies concerning this interaction between sulfation and deiodination of iodothyronines, the characterization of iodothyronine sulfotransferase activities, the measurement of iodothyronine sulfates in humans and animals, and the possible physiological importance of iodothyronine sulfation.

show abstract

Metabolism of Thyroid Hormone in Liver

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Thyroid hormone metabolism in innate immune cells

Thyroid hormone metabolism in innate immune cells

New Scoping Document on in vitro and ex vivo Assays for the Identification of Modulators of Thyroid Hormone Signalling

The role of sulfation in thyroid hormone metabolism

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About