Metabolism of Sulfonamides

O‐dealkylation and acetylation of sulphamethomidine by the turtlePseudemys scripta elegans

“…This situation differs completely from that in methyl-substituted 2-sulphanilamides, such as sulphamerazine and sulphadimidine (7,8). In snails, acetylation is the main metabolic pathway of sulphamethomidine (2.69%), a phase II reaction, while the phase I reaction, 0-dealkylation, is only a minor metabolic pathway (0.59%) (13).…”

Bioavailability and Pharmacokinetics of Sulphadiazine, N4-acetylsulphadiazine and Trimethoprim following Intravenous and Intramuscular Administration of a Sulphadiazine/Trimethoprim Combination in Sheep

“…Concerning SDZ metabolism, it is known that acetylation is a reversible process and that the percentage of N 4 -acetyl-SDZ in the total sulphonamide concentration re£ects the`acetylating capacity' of the organism (Vree and Hekster, 1987b). Since, according to the results of this study, metabolite levels (and the respective AUC) were found to be only a small percentage of the corresponding levels of the parent compound, SDZ elimination in sheep must be ascribed to renal clearance and/or alternative metabolic pathways such as hydroxylation.…”

Acetylation, deacetylation and hydroxylation of sulphamethoxazole and N4‐cacetylsulphamethoxazole in the snail Cepaea hortensis

“…The relative rates of the metabolic pathways for INTRODUCTION Acetylation is a common conjugation (phase II) reaction in the mammalian metabolism of sulphonamides. It is part of an acetylation-deacetylation equilibrium (6). In addition to acetylation, hydroxylation and glucuronidation of the hydroxy metabolites also occurs in mammals.…”