Metabolism of phenanthrene by the marine cyanobacterium Agmenellum quadruplicatum PR-6

Narro, Martha L.; Cerniglia, Carl E.; Baalen, Chase Van; Gibson, David T.

doi:10.1128/aem.58.4.1351-1359.1992

Cited by 128 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Our results, along with other recent findings [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15], demonstrate that the biotransformation potential of microalgae and cyanobacteria has been underestimated and warrants further study. However, the fate (whether intracellular or extracellular) and toxicity to aquatic organisms of the TNT transformation products should be further assessed to better determine the potential use of cyanobacteria and microalgae in TNT remediation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…As a result, literature reports on the use of microalgae and cyanobacteria for the biotransformation of organic contaminants are relatively scarce. Cyanobacteria and microalgae have been involved in the biotransformation of aromatic hydrocarbons (such as naphthalene and phenanthrene) [8][9][10][11], phenolic compounds [12], as well as chlorinated and nonchlorinated pesticides [13][14][15]. However, in most of these documented cases of biotransformation, only partial mineralization of the parent compound took place.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biotransformation of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene in Anabaena Sp. Cultures

Pavlostathis¹,

Jackson²

1999

Environ Toxicol Chem

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Abstract-The transformation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) was investigated in cultures of the cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. by conducting a series of batch assays. 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene was added to Anabaena sp. cultures in single and consecutive additions, at various initial concentrations, to determine its transformation kinetics, to identify products formed, to evaluate potential toxicity, and to determine the effect of light deprivation on the TNT transformation process. 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene disappearance occurred only in the presence of Anabaena sp. cultures maintained under a normal 16-h photoperiod. Toxicity leading to culture chlorosis and death was observed in batch systems with an initial TNT concentration greater than 10 mg/L. A low rate and extent of TNT disappearance was observed in light-deprived cultures, which were inhibited even at low TNT concentrations (i.e., Ͻ4 mg/L). At pH values between 7.5 and 8.5, azoxy-tetranitrotoluene isomers were detected in both the culture medium and solvent extracts of biomass and accounted for only 20 and 4.4% of the initially added TNT moles, respectively. At a culture pH range between 5.6 and 5.9, achieved by aeration with a 5% CO 2 /air mixture, hydroxylaminodinitrotoluene equimolar to the TNT addition was produced and then depleted from the culture medium with prolonged incubation. Although TNT reduction in Anabaena sp. cultures occurred, yielding low levels of azoxy-tetranitrotoluene isomers or hydroxylaminodinitrotoluene (depending on the culture pH conditions), uptake and other transformation reactions of TNT and/or its transformation products by Anabaena sp. may have taken place. Based on a less than 15% observed increase of biomass concentration over the relatively short incubation periods (usually Ͻ6 h) and by considering the mean biomass concentration constant, the TNT disappearance rate followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. The biomass carbon-normalized TNT disappearance rates in Anabaena sp. cultures were about three orders of magnitude higher than previously reported TNT disappearance rates obtained in batch cultures of aquatic plants.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotransformation of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene in Anabaena Sp. Cultures

Pavlostathis¹,

Jackson²

1999

Environ Toxicol Chem

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“…On the one hand, there are reports of a partial oxidation of aromatic hydrocarbons by cyanobacteria (e.g. Narro et al ., 1992). On the other hand, it would be difficult to explain why growth of cyanobacteria with their pronounced photoautotrophy would be stimulated by such partial oxidation of hydrocarbons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of nitrogen fixation in microbial communities of oil‐contaminated marine sediment microcosms

Musat

Harder

Widdel³

2006

Environmental Microbiology

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Aerobic microbial degradation of pollutant oil (petroleum) in aquatic environments is often severely limited by the availability of combined nitrogen. We therefore studied whether the microbial community enriched in marine sediment microcosms with an added oil layer and exposure to light harboured nitrogenase activity. The acetylene reduction (AR) assay indeed indicated active nitrogenase; however, similar activity was observed in oil-free control microcosms. In both microcosms, the AR rate was significantly reduced upon a dark shift, indicating that enriched cyanobacteria were the dominant diazotrophs. Analysis of structural dinitrogenase reductase genes (nifH) amplified from both microcosms indeed revealed NifH sequences related mostly to those of heterocystous cyanobacteria. NifH sequences typically affiliating with those of heterotrophic bacteria were more frequently retrieved from the oil-containing sediment. Expression analyses showed that mainly nifH genes similar to those of heterocystous cyanobacteria were expressed in the light. Upon a dark shift, nifH genes related to those of non-heterocystous cyanobacteria were expressed. Expression of nifH assignable to heterotrophs was apparently not significant. It is concluded that cyanobacteria are the main contributors of fixed nitrogen to oil-contaminated and pristine sediments if nitrogen is a limiting factor and if light is available. Hence, also the oil-degrading heterotrophic community may thus receive a significant part of combined nitrogen from cyanobacteria, even though oil vice versa apparently does not stimulate an additional nitrogen fixation in the enriched community.

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“…chrysosponum was the 95,10S enantiomer, which is the principal enantiomer produced by rabbits and rats (20,23), cyanobacteria (22), and streptomycetes (26). The trans-9,10dihydrodiol produced by C. elegans (7) has now been shown to be mainly the 9R,1OR enantiomer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enantiomeric Composition of the trans -Dihydrodiols Produced from Phenanthrene by Fungi

Sutherland

Yang

et al. 1993

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The trans-dihydrodiols produced during the metabolism of phenanthrene by CunninghameUa elegans, Syncephalastrum racemosum, and Phanerochaete chrysosporium were purified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The enantiomeric compositions and optical purities of the trans-dihydrodiols were determined to compare interspecific differences in the regio-and stereoselectivity of the fungal enzymes. Circular dichroism spectra of the trans-dihydrodiols were obtained, and the enantiomeric composition of each preparation was analyzed by HPLC with a chiral stationary-phase column. The phenanthrene trans-1,2dihydrodiol produced by C. elegans was a mixture of the 1R,2R and IS,2S enantiomers in variable proportions. The phenanthrene trans-3,4-dihydrodiol produced by P. chrysosporium was the optically pure 3R,4R

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Metabolism of phenanthrene by the marine cyanobacterium Agmenellum quadruplicatum PR-6

Cited by 128 publications

References 48 publications

Biotransformation of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene in Anabaena Sp. Cultures

Biotransformation of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene in Anabaena Sp. Cultures

Study of nitrogen fixation in microbial communities of oil‐contaminated marine sediment microcosms

Enantiomeric Composition of the trans -Dihydrodiols Produced from Phenanthrene by Fungi

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