Metabolism of glyphosate in Pseudomonas sp. strain LBr

Jacob, Gary S.; Garbow, Joel R.; Hallas, Laurence E.; Kimack, Nancee M.; Kishore, Ganesh M.; Schaefer, Jacob

doi:10.1128/aem.54.12.2953-2958.1988

Cited by 138 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…There has been no report of the utilization of glyphosate as a source of carbon or nitrogen (Dick & Quinn, 1995). Several species of Pseudomonas have been isolated which can degrade glyphosate (Moore et al, 1983;Tolbot et al, 1984;Jacob et al, 1988;Quinn et al, 1989). Similarly, a Flavobacterium sp.…”

Section: Glyphosatementioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial degradation of organophosphorus compounds

Singh¹,

Walker²

2006

FEMS Microbiol Rev

961

524

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Synthetic organophosphorus compounds are used as pesticides, plasticizers, air fuel ingredients and chemical warfare agents. Organophosphorus compounds are the most widely used insecticides, accounting for an estimated 34% of world-wide insecticide sales. Contamination of soil from pesticides as a result of their bulk handling at the farmyard or following application in the field or accidental release may lead occasionally to contamination of surface and ground water. Several reports suggest that a wide range of water and terrestrial ecosystems may be contaminated with organophosphorus compounds. These compounds possess high mammalian toxicity and it is therefore essential to remove them from the environments. In addition, about 200,000 metric tons of nerve (chemical warfare) agents have to be destroyed world-wide under Chemical Weapons Convention (1993). Bioremediation can offer an efficient and cheap option for decontamination of polluted ecosystems and destruction of nerve agents. The first micro-organism that could degrade organophosphorus compounds was isolated in 1973 and identified as Flavobacterium sp. Since then several bacterial and a few fungal species have been isolated which can degrade a wide range of organophosphorus compounds in liquid cultures and soil systems. The biochemistry of organophosphorus compound degradation by most of the bacteria seems to be identical, in which a structurally similar enzyme called organophosphate hydrolase or phosphotriesterase catalyzes the first step of the degradation. organophosphate hydrolase encoding gene opd (organophosphate degrading) gene has been isolated from geographically different regions and taxonomically different species. This gene has been sequenced, cloned in different organisms, and altered for better activity and stability. Recently, genes with similar function but different sequences have also been isolated and characterized. Engineered microorganisms have been tested for their ability to degrade different organophosphorus pollutants, including nerve agents. In this article, we review and propose pathways for degradation of some organophosphorus compounds by microorganisms. Isolation, characterization, utilization and manipulation of the major detoxifying enzymes and the molecular basis of degradation are discussed. The major achievements and technological advancements towards bioremediation of organophosphorus compounds, limitations of available technologies and future challenge are also discussed.

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Section: Glyphosatementioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial degradation of organophosphorus compounds

Singh¹,

Walker²

2006

FEMS Microbiol Rev

961

524

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“…Glyphosate is rapidly degraded in the environment, and a number of bacterial species have been isolated which can break down the compound. These include a Flavobacterium species [21], several Pseudomonas species [22][23][24][25] (of which the best studied is Pseudomonas sp. PG2982 [23]), an Alcaligenes isolate [24], Bacillus megaterium strain 2BLW [22], Arthrobacter sp.…”

Section: Phosphonate Xenobiotics -Glyphosatementioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial metabolism of sulfurand phosphorus-containing xenobiotics

Kertesz

Cook

Leisinger

1994

FEMS Microbiology Reviews

121

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Abstract:The enzymes involved in the microbial metabolism of many important phosphorus-or sulfur-containing xenobiotics, including organophosphate insecticides and precursors to organosulfate and organosulfonate detergents and dyestuffs have been characterized. In several instances their genes have been cloned and analysed. For phosphonate xenobiotics, the enzyme system responsible for the cleavage of the carbon-phosphorus bond has not yet been observed in vilro, though much is understood on a genetic level about phosphonate degradation. Phosphonate metabolism is regulated as part of the Pho regulon, under phosphate starvation control. For organophosphorothionate pesticides the situation is not so clear, and the mode of regulation appears to depend on whether the compounds are utilized to provide phosphorus, carbon or sulfur for cell growth. The same is true for organosulfonate metabolism, where different (and differently regulated) enzymatic pathways are involved in the utilization of sulfonates as carbon and as sulfur sources, respectively. Observations at the protein level in a number of bacteria suggest that a regulatory system is present which responds to sulfate limitation and controls the synthesis of proteins involved in providing sulfur to the cell and which may reveal analogies between the regulation of phosphorus and sulfur metabolism.

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“…Microorganisms containing Pseudomonas sp. strain LBr (Jacob et al, ), Achromobacter sp. strain Kg 16, and Ochrobactrum anthropi strain GPK 3 (Ermakova et al, ) are generally known to be capable of degrading glyphosate in soil and water.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Culturable epiphytic bacteria isolated from Teleogryllus occipitalus crickets metabolize insecticides

Liu

Tian

et al. 2018

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol

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The development of insecticide resistance is attributed to evolutionary changes in pest insect genomes, such as alteration of drug target sites, upregulation of degrading enzymes, and enhancement of drug excretion. Beyond these well-known mechanisms, symbiotic bacteria may confer insecticide resistance to host crickets. The current study was designed to screen all possible culturable bacterial groups found living in and on the bodies of Teleogryllus occipitalis crickets. We recovered 263 visible bacterial colonies and cultured them individually. After identifying the colonies based on morphology and phylogenetic analysis, we shortlisted 55 bacterial strains belonging to 28 genera. Of these 55 bacterial strains, 18 degraded at least 50% of the original amount of 400 mg/L chlorpyrifos (CP) after 24 hr of coculture. Six of these strains degraded more than 70% of the original amount of 400 mg/L CP. Three strains had antagonistic effects on Bacillus thuringiensis growth. Additionally, the ability of the isolates to degrade glyphosate, phoxim, and esfenvalerate was assessed. We also detected extracellular hydrolase enzyme activities in these isolates. We propose that epiphytic bacterial strains play multiple roles in cricket biology, one of which contributes to chemical and biological pesticide resistance.

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Metabolism of glyphosate in Pseudomonas sp. strain LBr

Cited by 138 publications

References 18 publications

Microbial degradation of organophosphorus compounds

Microbial degradation of organophosphorus compounds

Microbial metabolism of sulfurand phosphorus-containing xenobiotics

Culturable epiphytic bacteria isolated from Teleogryllus occipitalus crickets metabolize insecticides

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