Metabolism of Cysteine Is Modified During the Acute Phase of Sepsis in Rats , ,

Malmezat, T.; Breuillé, Denis; Pouyet, Corinne; Mirand, Philippe Patureau; Obled, Christiane

doi:10.1093/jn/128.1.97

Cited by 83 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The glutathione concentrations reported in the literature are in accordance with the values observed in the present study (0.6 mmol/g in ST muscle of C animals) (Malmezat et al, 1998). Glutathione, which is a tripeptide (glutamic acid, cysteine and glycine), is a substrate for specific enzymes such as GPx or is direct scavenger for free radicals (Masella et al, 2005).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

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Food restriction and refeeding in lambs influence muscle antioxidant status

Savary-Auzeloux

Durand

Gruffat

et al. 2008

Animal

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Compensatory growth, a frequent phenomenon observed in ruminants due to seasonal variation in food availability, affects protein metabolism including protein oxidation. These oxidation processes may have an impact on animal health as well as on meat protein degradation during post mortem aging (ie meat maturation). Sixteen male lambs were randomly divided into four groups. One group was fed ad libitum (C) and one group was food-restricted to 60% of the intake of the C group (R). The last two groups were restricted similarly to the R group and refed either ad libitum (RAL) or similarly to the C group (pair-feeding) (RPF). Muscles samples were taken immediately after slaughter. The present study showed that the restriction/refeeding pattern had no effect on protein oxidation in the muscles studied (longissimus dorsi (LD), semitendinosus (ST) and supraspinatus (SP)). However, total antioxidant capacity decreased after food restriction (251%, 243%, P , 0.01 for ST and LD muscles, respectively) and re-increased only after ad libitum refeeding. This alteration in the total antioxidant status can partially be explained by the similar pattern of change observed in the glutathione concentration of the muscles (225%, P , 0.05 for ST muscle and NS for the other muscles). However, none of the concentrations of other water-soluble antioxidants studied (carnosine, anserine, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase) were altered during compensatory growth. This study showed that an inappropriate feeding level following a nutritional stress induced alterations in the total antioxidant status (particularly that of glutathione), which may have consequences on animal health. Other consequences of a decrease of the animal antioxidant status in vivo could be an alteration of the protein oxidation processes during meat maturation.Keywords: antioxidant status, compensatory growth, muscle, sheep IntroductionIn the muscle post mortem, some proteins are oxidized and this process has an impact on meat tenderization (Maltin et al., 2003). Increased proteases oxidation reduces the functional properties of these proteases and decreases their efficiency in the meat protein maturation process (Rowe et al., 2004a and2004b). Consequently, it can be hypothesized that some in vivo oxidation processes in the muscles may have an impact on the enzymes activities and protein structure both in vivo and post mortem (Stadtman and Levine, 2000). To counteract these oxidation processes, many reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers exist within the cells (Fang et al., 2002). Among these ROS, the watersoluble antioxidants (some antioxidant enzymes, peptides or vitamins soluble in water) are of major significance to counteract protein oxidation and carbonyl formation (Hipkiss et al., 1998 and.Among the various stress affecting ruminants, the seasonal variations in forage availability during extensive rearing affect protein metabolism with as a result, for example, compensatory growth (Hoch et al., 2003). The alteration of the growth pattern during com...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The homogenate was then centrifuged for 15 min at 3000 3 g. The supernatant was filtered through a gauze and assayed for GSH 1 GSSG content using a standard enzymatic recycling procedure as described by Malmezat et al (1998) according to the method developed by Tietze (1969).…”

Section: Glutathione Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food restriction and refeeding in lambs influence muscle antioxidant status

Savary-Auzeloux

Durand

Gruffat

et al. 2008

Animal

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“…Total blood glutathione (reduced and oxidized) concentration was quantified spectrophotometrically using a standard enzymatic recycling procedure and 5,5'-dithio-bis-2-nitrobenzoic acid as oxidant (Malmezat et al 1998). Plasma sulfate concentration was determined by turbidimetry using the QuantiChromTM sulfate assay kit (Gentaur, Paris, France).…”

Section: Blood and Plasma Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic paracetamol treatment in older persons induces dietary and metabolic modifications related to sulfur amino acids

Pujos‐Guillot

Pickering

Lyan

et al. 2011

AGE

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Sulfur amino acids are determinant for the detoxification of paracetamol (N-acetyl-p-aminophenol) through sulfate and glutathione conjugations. Long-term paracetamol treatment is common in the elderly, despite a potential cysteine/glutathione deficiency. Detoxification could occur at the expense of anti-oxidative defenses and whole body protein stores in elderly. We tested how older persons satisfy the extra demand in sulfur amino acids induced by longterm paracetamol treatment, focusing on metabolic and nutritional aspects. Effects of 3 g/day paracetamol for 14 days on fasting blood glutathione, plasma amino acids and sulfate, urinary paracetamol metabolites, and urinary metabolomic were studied in independently living older persons (five women, five men, mean (±SEM) age 74±1 years). Dietary intakes were recorded before and at the end of the treatment and ingested sulfur amino acids were evaluated. Fasting blood glutathione, plasma amino acids, and sulfate were unchanged. Urinary nitrogen excretion supported a preservation of whole body proteins, but large-scale urinary metabolomic analysis revealed an oxidation of some sulfur-containing compounds. Dietary protein intake was 13% higher at the end than before paracetamol treatment. Final sulfur amino acid intake reached 37 mg/kg/day. The increase in sulfur amino acid intake corresponded to half of the sulfur excreted in urinary paracetamol conjugates. In conclusion, older persons accommodated to long-term paracetamol treatment by increasing dietary protein intake without any mobilization of body proteins, but with decreased anti-oxidative defenses. The extra demand in sulfur amino acids led to a consumption far above the corresponding population-safe recommendation. AGE (2012) 34:181-193 DOI 10.1007 This paper is dedicated to Christiane Obled (retired), who had the idea of the study. Therapeutic paracetamol treatment in older persons induces dietary and metabolic modifications related to sulfur amino acids

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“…If, however, the metabolic demands for specific amino acids increase to values that are beyond the synthetic capacity of the body, then these may be spared by lowering their catabolism. For example, reduced cysteine catabolism was found after injection of tumor necrosis factor or during infection in rats (Hunter and Grimble 1993; Malmezat et al 1998). These results suggest that cysteine is spared in order to synthesize important compounds for protection against the oxidative stress associated with sepsis, namely taurine and, in particular, glutathione.…”

Section: Synthesis De Novomentioning

confidence: 99%

Amino acid requirements in inflammatory states

Obled¹

2003

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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Obled, C. 2003. Amino acid requirements in inflammatory states. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 83: 365-373. The metabolic disturbances that accompany an inflammatory challenge redirect nutrients from physiological processes important for growth and reproduction toward processes important in host defense. These processes can require increased provision of particular amino acids from the diet in order to spare body protein stores. The pathways that are activated in response to inflammation have to be determined in order to quantify their specific amino acid requirements. For example, increased synthesis of acute phase proteins would require additional supply of specific amino acids according to their amino acid composition. Some dispensable amino acids can become limiting because their de novo synthesis could be impaired and/or be insufficient to cover the increased demands for synthesis of important metabolites. Moreover, amino acids can act on gene expression and as mediators or signal molecules and modulate numerous functions. However, the optimal conditions, especially concentration in physiological liquids, allowing the best expression of these activities are not yet well defined.Key words: Amino acids, requirements, inflammation, protein, metabolism, glutathione, glutamine Obled, C. 2003. Besoin en acides aminés dans les situations inflammatoires. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 83: 365-373. Les perturbations métaboliques qui accompagnent les états inflammatoires sont caractérisées par une redistribution des nutriments vers les processus impliqués dans la défense de l'organisme au détriment des processus de croissance et de reproduction. L'activation de nombreuses voies métaboliques peut nécessiter un apport alimentaire accru de certains acides aminés de façon à épargner les protéines musculaires. La nature de ces voies métaboliques doit être déterminée pour mieux connaître les implications en terme de besoin en acides aminés. Par exemple, la synthèse des protéines de la réaction inflammatoire peut requérir des apports en acides aminés particuliers selon leur composition. Certains acides aminés non indispensables peuvent devenir limitants si leur synthèse endogène n'est pas suffisante pour répondre à la synthèse accrue de métabolites importants. De plus, les acides aminés peuvent moduler l'expression des gènes et agir comme de véritables médiateurs. Ils peuvent ainsi réguler plusieurs fonctions métaboliques. Cependant, les conditions, en particulier de concentration dans les liquides physiologiques, permettant d'optimiser ces activités restent le plus souvent à déterminer.

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Metabolism of Cysteine Is Modified During the Acute Phase of Sepsis in Rats , ,

Cited by 83 publications

References 40 publications

Food restriction and refeeding in lambs influence muscle antioxidant status

Food restriction and refeeding in lambs influence muscle antioxidant status

Therapeutic paracetamol treatment in older persons induces dietary and metabolic modifications related to sulfur amino acids

Amino acid requirements in inflammatory states

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