Metabolism of Amyloid-β Protein May Be Affected in Depression

Baba, Hajime; Nakano, Yoshitaka; Maeshima, Hitoshi; Satomura, Emi; Kita, Yohei; Suzuki, Tomohiko; Arai, Heii

doi:10.4088/jcp.10m06766

Cited by 34 publications

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“…In the literature, just a few indirect observations are available, like lower Aβ40 levels in patients receiving antidepressants [19], or no differences in plasma Aβ42 levels between patients with or without antidepressants [19,38]. Recently, no influence of antidepressants, lithium, or valproate treatments on the Aβ40/Aβ42 ratio was described in a large sample of depressed patients [39]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this reason, the comparisons of biological parameters between remitters and nonremitters are based on a few cases (9 vs. 16 subjects). Further, the fact that all the patients were taking psychotropic drugs during the ECT course may constitute a possible bias, although no influence of psychotropic medications on the plasma Aβ40/Aβ42 ratio was reported [39]. Moreover, the precise origin of plasma Aβ is not known and results regarding the relationship between peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid Aβ levels have been contradictory [57,58,59,60].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasma Amyloid-β Levels in Drug-Resistant Bipolar Depressed Patients Receiving Electroconvulsive Therapy

et al. 2013

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Aims: Alterations of plasma amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides have been related to a high risk for cognitive impairment and dementia. The present study aimed to measure plasma Aβ peptides (Aβ40, Aβ42) and the Aβ40/Aβ42 ratio in a sample of drug-resistant bipolar depressed patients, as well as to explore the possible correlation between biological parameters and clinical changes along an electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) course. Methods: Aβ40 and Aβ42 were measured by means of an ELISA assay in 25 drug-resistant bipolar depressed patients before (T0) and 1 week after (T1) the end of ECT. The patients were clinically evaluated by means of the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, 21-item (HRSD-21), the Mini-Mental State Examination, and the Clinical Global Impressions-Severity of Illness Scale. Results: Plasma Aβ levels and the Aβ40/Aβ42 ratio were similar at T0 and T1. The Aβ40/Aβ42 ratio correlated positively with the HRSD total score at both T0 and T1. At T0, a negative correlation was found between the Aβ40/Aβ42 ratio and the improvement of depressive and cognitive symptoms. Moreover, remitters (n = 9; HRSD ≤10) showed a significantly lower Aβ40/Aβ42 ratio at T0 than nonremitters. Conclusion: The present data suggest that a low Aβ40/Aβ42 ratio might characterize a subgroup of depressed patients who respond to ECT, while higher values of this parameter seem to be typical of more severe cases of patients with cognitive impairment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Amyloid-β Levels in Drug-Resistant Bipolar Depressed Patients Receiving Electroconvulsive Therapy

et al. 2013

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“…These results were independent of apolipoprotein E ε4 status. The findings suggest that Aβ metabolism is affected in depression, even in early-onset depression, 17 but still do not determine whether depression is a true risk factor for Alzheimer's disease rather than an additional consequence that arises from a common neuropathological process; the 2 hypotheses are in fact not mutually exclusive.…”

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confidence: 83%

“…As a link between neuropsychiatric symptoms or depression and MCI/dementia becomes more apparent, the diagnostic criteria may need to adapt accordingly. The Baba et al 17 article published in this issue helps to support this association as it suggests that depression signals biomarker changes that are proposed to be a very early measure of neuronal injury in prodromal Alzheimer's disease. As the dementia epidemic is upon us, it will be extremely important to prevent even some cases.…”

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confidence: 91%

“…The critical question is how the presence of depression modifies the risk of developing MCI or progression from MCI to dementia. In this month's special section "Focus on Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders, " Baba and colleagues 17 compare serum Aβ40 and Aβ42 levels, Aβ40/Aβ42 ratio, and other clinical factors between controls and inpatients with DSM-IV major depressive disorder (MDD) in 3 age groups: young (< 40 years), middle-aged (≥ 40 to < 65 years), and elderly (≥ 65 years). The serum Aβ40/Aβ42 ratio was significantly higher in MDD patients than controls in all age groups due to lower Aβ42 levels in the MDD cases.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Depression in Older Adults

Porsteinsson¹,

Makino²

2012

J. Clin. Psychiatry

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T he term neuropsychiatric symptoms describes behavioral or mood disturbances such as agitation, delusions, hallucinations, depression, and apathy. These symptoms are commonly found among patients with dementia and compound the patients' disability as well as the burden experienced by their caregivers.1 Neuropsychiatric symptoms have not been part of the defining diagnostic criteria of dementia or mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and their characterization and importance in the presentation of MCI and potential conversion to dementia are just being established. Several recent studies have shown that neuropsychiatric symptoms are common and highly morbid in patients with MCI and are associated with greater impairment in global, cognitive, and functional measures. 1-4 Subjects progressing to dementia have a higher prevalence of psychopathology than subjects who remain stable or improve, and, thus, neuropsychiatric symptoms appear to be a predictor of progression to dementia alongside established factors such as apolipoprotein E ε4 carrier status, features of memory function, cerebrospinal fluid amyloid-β peptide (Aβ)/tau ratio, amyloid imaging, and magnetic resonance imaging volumetric measurements of the hippocampal formation.5 Persistent neuropsychiatric symptoms and behavioral changes can also be present in the absence of patient-or caregiver-reported cognitive deficits, impairment in activities of daily living, and dementiaa syndrome termed mild behavioral impairment.6 Many patients with mild behavioral impairment develop neuropsychiatric symptoms as the first indicator of impending dementia long before the occurrence of cognitive symptoms. This finding raises questions as to the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric symptoms, but the symptoms most likely are consequences of damage to the brain from underlying brain disease.In the United States, over 5.4 million people are living with dementia, a number that will roughly double every 20 years up to 16 million individuals by 2050. 7 Equally concerning is that nearly 5 million of the 31 million Americans who are aged 65 years or older are clinically depressed, and 1 million have major depression. 8 As one might expect from these figures, depression and cognitive disorders are the most common neuropsychiatric disorders in later life. Their co-occurrence most likely exceeds chance. Depression leads to multiple negative outcomes, including increased rates of morbidity and mortality.9 Depressive disorders and affective symptoms are common among those with diagnosed demen tia: the overall prevalence rate for major depression is approximately 20% among older adults with dementia, and the frequency of affective symptoms is roughly twice as great. 10Across hospital-and population-based studies, about 34% of patients with MCI have depressive symptoms at the median. 11On balance, data suggest that the presence of depressive symptoms confers higher risk of developing both MCI and dementia and that late-life depression, MCI, and dementia could represent a clinical continuum. ...

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Neurodegeneration, β‐amyloid and mood disorders: state of the art and future perspectives

Piccinni

Origlia

Veltri

et al. 2012

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

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Metabolism of Amyloid-β Protein May Be Affected in Depression

Abstract: Our findings suggest that Aβ metabolism may be affected in depression; these findings also possibly answer the question of why even early-onset depression is a risk factor for developing Alzheimer's disease.

Cited by 34 publications

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Plasma Amyloid-β Levels in Drug-Resistant Bipolar Depressed Patients Receiving Electroconvulsive Therapy

Plasma Amyloid-β Levels in Drug-Resistant Bipolar Depressed Patients Receiving Electroconvulsive Therapy

Depression in Older Adults

Neurodegeneration, β‐amyloid and mood disorders: state of the art and future perspectives

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