Metabolism differences of biofilm and planktonic Pseudomonas aeruginosa in viable but nonculturable state induced by chlorine stress

Zheng, Qi; Huang, Zaihui

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153374

Cited by 24 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Biofilm is formed in the bacteria that aggregate in the self-synthesized hydrated polymer matrix ( Costerton et al., 1999 ). Previous studies have shown that biofilm-forming ability is affected by energy-related metabolic pathways, including glycerolipid, amino acid, and carbohydrate metabolism ( Lu et al., 2019 ; Qi et al., 2022 ). This study found that the inhibitory effect of magnolol on the biofilm formation of M. synoviae was enhanced with increasing concentration, which is consistent with previous studies ( Behbehani et al., 2017 ; Guo et al., 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanistic insights of magnolol antimicrobial activity against Mycoplasma using untargeted metabolomic analyses

Qiao,

Tengfei,

Wenting

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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The unreasonable use of antibiotics is one of the important causes of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) that poses a huge public health threat. Magnolol is a traditional Chinese medicine exhibiting antibacterial-, antifungal-, anti-inflammatory-, and antioxidant activities. However, it is unclear whether magnolol has an inhibitory effect on mycoplasma. This study found that magnolol showed excellent inhibitory activity against various mycoplasmas. Magnolol showed dose-dependent inhibition of Mycoplasma synoviae growth and biofilm formation in vitro. Magnolol caused severely sunken and wrinkled M. synoviae cell membranes at the minimum inhibitory concentration, and an enlarged cell diameter. The chicken embryo infection model showed that magnolol significantly reduced M. synoviae pathogenicity in vivo. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis showed that the citrate cycle, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, and pyruvate metabolism were significantly disturbed at the minimum inhibitory concentration of magnolol. Interestingly, 41% of differential metabolites were in the categories of lipids and lipid-like molecules. Protegenin A was up-regulated 58752-fold after magnolol treatment. It belongs to fatty acyls, and destroys cell membrane integrity and cell activity. Ghosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidic acid, and phosphatidylserine related to membrane maintenance and stress response were widely down-regulated. Collectively, our results illustrate the feasibility of magnolol as a phytochemical compound to treat mycoplasma infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanistic insights of magnolol antimicrobial activity against Mycoplasma using untargeted metabolomic analyses

Qiao,

Tengfei,

Wenting

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…The other is that bacterial cells may enter the VBNC state along with the biofilm formation. It has been reported that the proportion of VBNC cells in the biofilm of P. aeruginosa continues to rise with increasing the concentration of chlorine, and the biofilm was almost entirely composed of VBNC cells after 90 min of chlorine treatment at 6 and 10 mg/mL, indicating that bacteria in the biofilm would enter the VBNC state under stresses (Qi et al., 2022). After treatment with 1/2 MIC lavender essential oil and sodium hypochlorite, Han et al.…”

Section: Bacteriostatic Mechanisms Of Nisinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteriostasis of nisin against planktonic and biofilm bacteria: Its mechanism and application

Shi,

Wen,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Journal of Food Science

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Food safety incidents caused by bacterial contamination have always been one of the public safety issues of social concern. Planktonic cells, viable but non‐culturable (VBNC) cells, and biofilm cells of bacteria can coexist in food or food processing, posing more serious challenges to public health and safety by increasing bacterial survival and difficulty in detection. As a non‐toxic, no side effect, and highly effective bacteriostatic substance, nisin has received wide attention from researchers. In this review, we summarized the species and biosynthesis of nisin, the effects of nisin alone or in combination with other treatments on planktonic and biofilm cells, and its applications in the fields of food, feed, and medicine by consulting numerous studies. Meanwhile, the mechanism of nisin on planktonic and biofilm cells was proposed based on existing researches. Nisin not only has antibacterial activity against most G+ bacteria but also exhibits a bacteriostatic effect on G− bacteria when combined with other antibacterial treatments. In addition to planktonic cells, nisin also has significant effects on bacterial cells in biofilms by changing the thickness, density, and composition of biofilms. Based on the three action processes of nisin on biofilms, we summarized the changes of bacteria in biofilms, including the causes of bacterial death and the formation of the VBNC state. We consider that research on the relationship between nisin and VBNC state should be strengthened.

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“…Pathogens such as Escherichia coli [1,2], Salmonella [3,4], Vibrio cholerae [5], and Legionella pneumophila [6] have attracted widespread attention, prompting the development of monitoring and prevention strategies. However, in recent years, threats to drinking water safety have expanded beyond traditional pathogens to include a broader range of environmental microbes, with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) being a typical example [6][7][8]. P. aeruginosa, a common opportunistic pathogen capable of causing waterborne diseases [9][10][11][12][13], is prevalent in water supply systems [14], hospitals [15], pools [16], and other human activity sites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Combination of UV and Disinfectant for Inactivating Viable but Nonculturable State Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Efficiency and Mechanisms

Zhao,

Zhu,

Tao

et al. 2024

Water

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Conventional disinfection techniques, relying on a single disinfection step, often fail to directly eliminate microorganisms, instead causing them to enter a viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state. However, microorganisms in the VBNC state retain metabolic activity and can reactivate under suitable conditions, representing a “hidden source of contamination” that threatens drinking water safety. This study fundamentally assessed the feasibility of combined disinfection methods by integrating UV254 with disinfectant (NaClO, PAA, and PDS) for inactivating Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), an opportunistic pathogen that has been widely detected in water supply systems. The number of culturable cells was determined using the heterotrophic plate counting (HPC) method, and the number of VBNC cells was quantified using our recently developed qPCR approach. Quantitative analyses showed that combined disinfection methods can effectively reduce both culturable and VBNC cells by several orders of magnitude compared to a single disinfection step. Notably, VBNC P. aeruginosa, after 30 min of UV/NaCIO treatment, was below the detection limit (3.191 log CFU/mL) of PMA-qPCR. The reactivation experiment also confirmed that VBNC P. aeruginosa did not reactivate for 16 h after 30 min of UV/NaClO treatment under controlled laboratory conditions. The higher disinfection capacity of combined methods can be attributed to the generation of reactive radicals. This study highlighted combined disinfection as a promising approach for the inactivation of bacteria in the VBNC state, yet further studies are needed before an application can be considered for minimizing VBNC reactivation in city utility water processing or high-risk building water distribution systems.

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Metabolism differences of biofilm and planktonic Pseudomonas aeruginosa in viable but nonculturable state induced by chlorine stress

Cited by 24 publications

References 48 publications

Mechanistic insights of magnolol antimicrobial activity against Mycoplasma using untargeted metabolomic analyses

Mechanistic insights of magnolol antimicrobial activity against Mycoplasma using untargeted metabolomic analyses

Bacteriostasis of nisin against planktonic and biofilm bacteria: Its mechanism and application

A Combination of UV and Disinfectant for Inactivating Viable but Nonculturable State Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Efficiency and Mechanisms

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