Metabolism and dna-binding in vivo of aflatoxin B, in medaka (Oryzias Latipes)

Toledo, Cecilia; Hendricks, Jerry D.; Loveland, Patricia M.; Wilcox, J.K.; Bailey, George S.

doi:10.1016/0742-8413(87)90008-9

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…They demonstrated that AFB 1 was metabolized to AFL in these species. Thus, the findings of the present research are consistent with these previous studies. − …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…High concentrations of AFL in the rearing water suggest that rainbow trout metabolize AFB 1 to AFL, and AFL is excreted. Loveland et al, Shelton et al, Plakas et al, Toledo et al, and Troxel et al studied the metabolism of AFB 1 using rainbow trout, channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), medaka (Oryzias latipes), and zebrafish (Danio rerio), respectively. They demonstrated that AFB 1 was metabolized to AFL in these species.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These data showed that the toxicity of AFs was especially high in rainbow trout. Metabolism and excretion of AFs were studied by Loveland et al, 4 Plakas et al, 5 Toledo et al, 6 Troxel et al, 7 and Shelton et al 8 during short-term experimental periods after a single dose by oral or intraperitoneal administration. They clarified that AFB 1 is metabolized to aflatoxicol (AFL) and eventually excreted in the rearing water.…”

Section: ' Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Uptake by Dietary Exposure and Elimination of Aflatoxins in Muscle and Liver of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Nomura

Ogiso

Yamashita

et al. 2011

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Uptake and elimination of aflatoxins (AFs) by rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) during a long-term (21 days) dietary exposure were studied to assess contamination by AFs in aquaculture fish fed AF-containing feed. The uptake factor (UF) of aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1)) in muscle ranged from 0.40 × 10(-3) to 1.30 × 10(-3). AFB(1) concentrations in liver were 165-342 times higher than in muscle. AFs from feed were more highly accumulated in liver than in muscle. Aflatoxicol (AFL) and aflatoxin M(1) (AFM(1)) were detected in muscle and liver and also in the rearing water. AFL concentrations were higher than AFM(1) by 2 orders of magnitude in muscle, and AFL was a major metabolite of AFB(1). The elimination rate constants (α) of AFB(1) and AFL in muscle (1.83 and 2.02 day(-1), respectively) and liver (1.38 and 2.41 day(-1), respectively) were very large. The elimination half-life (t(1/2)) of AFB(1) was 0.38 days (9.12 h) in muscle and 0.50 days (12.00 h) in liver. The elimination half-life of AFL in muscle and liver was 0.34 day (8.16 h) and 0.29 day (6.96 h), respectively. These data show that AFs are eliminated rapidly and are not biomagnified in fish. Thus, AFB(1) concentration in muscle of fish fed AFB(1)-containing feed (ca. 500 μg/kg) decreased to below the detection limit (20 ng/kg) of the most sensitive analytical method at 1.54 days (36.96 h) after the change to uncontaminated feed.

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“…They demonstrated that AFB 1 was metabolized to AFL in these species. Thus, the findings of the present research are consistent with these previous studies. − …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ' Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Uptake by Dietary Exposure and Elimination of Aflatoxins in Muscle and Liver of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Nomura

Ogiso

Yamashita

et al. 2011

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Metabolism of aflatoxins: key enzymes and interindividual as well as interspecies differences

2014

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Aflatoxins are potent hepatocarcinogen in animal models and suspected carcinogen in humans. The most important aflatoxin in terms of toxic potency and occurrence is aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). In this review, we mainly summarized the key metabolizing enzymes of AFB1 in animals and humans. Moreover, the interindividual and the interspecies differences in AFB1 metabolism are highly concerned. In human liver, CYP3A4 plays an important role in biotransforming AFB1 to the toxic product AFB1-8,9-epoxide. In human lung, CYP2A13 has a significant activity in metabolizing AFB1 to AFB1-8,9-epoxide and AFM1-8,9-epoxide. The epoxide of AFB1-8,9-epoxide could conjugate with glutathione to reduce the toxicity by glutathione-S-transferase (GST). In poultry species, CYP2A6, CYP3A37, CYP1A5, and CYP1A1 are responsible for bioactivation of AFB1. There are interindividual variations in the rate of activation of aflatoxins in various species, and there are also differences between children and adults. The age and living regions are important factors affecting resistance of species to AFB1. The rate of AFB1-8,9-epoxide formation and its conjugation with glutathione are key parameters in interspecies and interindividual differences in sensitivity to the toxic effect of AFB1. This review provides an important information for key metabolizing enzymes and the global metabolism of aflatoxins in different species.

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Aflatoxins in aquatic species: metabolism, toxicity and perspectives

Santacroce

Conversano

Casalino

et al. 2007

Rev Fish Biol Fisheries

157

119

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Among all known mycotoxins, aflatoxins represent the most investigated, widespread and worrisome source of contamination of foods and feed worldwide. In the early 1960s, soon after the finding of aflatoxin B 1 (AFB 1 ) in the feedstuffs of aquacultured rainbow trout that had died in an epizootic of hepatomas, great scientific discoveries were made in several areas by a number of researchers under the direction of scientists like J. Halver, R. 0. Sinnhuber, G. S. Bailey, J. D. Hendricks and colleagues. Since that time, several studies have focused on the identification of new isoenzymes involved in AFB 1 metabolism and on the discovery of new modulators in AFB 1 -induced cancer initiation and progression. However, metabolic and toxicological studies on aflatoxins in marine aquacultured species are fragmented and restricted to a limited number of fish species. Aflatoxins exert a substantial impact on the fish farming production, causing disease with high mortality and a gradual decline of reared fish stock quality, thus representing a significant problem in aquaculture systems. Based on these considerations, the goals of this review article are: (1) to gather the currently available scientific information, summarising existing data on aflatoxin contamination on feeds and fishmeals, and toxicological effects induced in reared aquatic species; (2) to make a comparative analysis of AFB 1 metabolism in the most representative species studied; (3) to gain new insights on the risk of DNA damage caused by aflatoxins on fish genomes and their role in cancer development.

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Metabolism and dna-binding in vivo of aflatoxin B, in medaka (Oryzias Latipes)

Cited by 5 publications

References 26 publications

Uptake by Dietary Exposure and Elimination of Aflatoxins in Muscle and Liver of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Uptake by Dietary Exposure and Elimination of Aflatoxins in Muscle and Liver of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Metabolism of aflatoxins: key enzymes and interindividual as well as interspecies differences

Aflatoxins in aquatic species: metabolism, toxicity and perspectives

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