Metabolic syndrome in people with epilepsy

Metabolic syndrome and its associated factors among epileptic patients at Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northeast Ethiopia; a hospital-based comparative cross-sectional study

“…This finding is in line with similar studies conducted in Kigali Rwanda using ATP III (30.6%) [ 7 ], in Estonia using ATP-III (20.3%) [ 22 ], in India by ATP III criteria (29.5%) [ 23 ] and in Istanbul Turkey using IDF criteria (32.6%) [ 24 ]. Conversely, a higher rate of MS as compared to the finding of this study was reported among epileptic patients, 52.6% in South India using the AHA/NHLBI [ 8 ], 47.2% based on IDF Criteria, and 39.3% based on ATP-III criteria in Brazil [ 25 ], 43.5% in Italy using ATP-III [ 26 ] and 47.2% in West China based on AHA/NHLBI criteria [ 27 ]. The possible reason for this discrepancy may be the difference in sample size and sampling technique, the differences in study approaches (different in patient’s selection criteria such as age, weight and anticonvulsants medications), the difference in types of anticonvulsant agents utilized by the patients and the difference in socio-economic status.…”

“…The higher prevalence in epileptic patients could be understood from the perspective of seizure-related metabolic abnormalities, long-term antiepileptic medications use, and a more sedentary lifestyle due to epilepsy [ 8 – 10 , 22 , 26 ]. It has been hypothesized that epileptic seizures damage specific brain nuclei in the hypothalamus and can change serum levels of some neurotransmitters and hormones, which leads to an imbalance of food intake and energy expenditure with subsequent weight gain [ 34 – 36 ].…”

Health-related quality of life among acute pancreatitis patients correlates with metabolic variables and associated factors

“…Individuals with AP with MetS had a marked reduction in all SF-36 subscales, except BP and VT, when compared to patients with AP without MetS. Vooturi and Jayalakshmi in 2020 also demonstrated in their clinical study that subjects with epilepsy and MetS had poor MCS and PCS components than subjects with epilepsy without MetS [ 28 ]. Also, another clinical study performed by Lin et al, in 2021 in same context concluded that community dwelling adults with MetS had lower mental and physical health scores than those without MetS [ 29 ].…”

Zonisamide Therapy Reduces Metabolic Consequences and Diminishes Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients with Epilepsy

“…Evidence has suggested that patients with epilepsy have a higher risk of obesity and metabolic syndromes than the general population [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 34 , 35 ]. In the central nervous system, epilepsy can potentially affect hypothalamic neuroendocrine control of energy homeostasis that contributes to obesity [ 20 , 36 ].…”

“…ZNS and topiramate may lead to body weight loss [ 12 , 15 , 16 ]; valproic acid, gabapentin, pregabalin, vigabatrin, and carbamazepine may increase weight gain [ 15 , 17 ]. Obesity and metabolic syndromes are associated with increased risks of cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, arthritis, cancers, and decreased life expectancy [ 18 ], and they are common comorbidities in adult, adolescent, and as pediatric patients with epilepsy [ 15 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]. Recently, our team [ 8 , 22 ] and other researchers [ 6 , 23 , 24 ] have found that long-term AED therapy may increase body weight, body mass index (BMI), metabolic consequences, and oxidative stress in patients with epilepsy, which may further lead to potential vascular risks and acceleration of atherosclerosis [ 5 , 8 , 22 , 25 ], particularly in patients who received liver enzyme-inducing AEDs such as phenobarbital, phenytoin, and carbamazepine [ 5 , 22 , 25 ].…”