Metabolic syndrome in female patients with schizophrenia treated with second generation antipsychotics: a 3-month follow-up

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the occurrence of metabolic abnormalities among previously unmedicated female patients with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition schizophrenia spectrum disorders and their associations with olanzapine and risperidone treatment. We analysed 94 female patients who were treated with olanzapine or risperidone in the period of 3 months. Analysed variables included fasting glucose, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoproteins and triglycerides in blood, blood pressure (BP), waist and hip circumferences and body mass index (BMI). At baseline, 14 patients (15%) fulfilled criteria for metabolic syndrome. After 3 months of treatment, 25 patients (27%) fulfilled criteria for metabolic syndrome, and their baseline BMI was the only predictor for its development. Treatment with both antipsychotics was associated with significant increase in waist circumference. Positive family history of diabetes mellitus contributed to a significant greater increase in abdominal obesity, significant higher baseline levels and a borderline significant increase in fasting glucose among olanzapine-treated patients. Olanzapine admission was associated with a significant increase in LDL and risperidone with a significant increase in triglycerides. Metabolic abnormalities seem to be more prevalent in unmedicated female patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders than expected based on results in general population (adjusted for age and sex). Olanzapine treatment might induce significant alterations in metabolic profiles, especially among patients with positive family history of diabetes, mostly by inducing abdominal obesity. The association of risperidone application and increase in triglyceride level still needs to be determined.

Dietary habits of patients with schizophrenia: A self‐reported questionnaire survey

“…However, these studies are mainly focused on the effect of antipsychotic drugs on such patients (Falissard et al 2011;Medved et al 2009;Tschoner et al 2009). This at first seems somewhat contradictory, as there is a plethora of information regarding schizophrenia and the development of obesity and other related metabolic alterations.…”

“…This at first seems somewhat contradictory, as there is a plethora of information regarding schizophrenia and the development of obesity and other related metabolic alterations. However, these studies are mainly focused on the effect of antipsychotic drugs on such patients (Falissard et al 2011;Medved et al 2009;Tschoner et al 2009). Although pharmacological treatment is important in the development of obesity in patients with schizophrenia, it is also important to emphasize the relevance of dietary habits in the weight gain of patients with schizophrenia, as it is these habits that lead such patients to becoming obese.…”

Cardiovascular Disease Mortality in Patients With Chronic Schizophrenia Treated With Clozapine

“…The risk for metabolic syndrome in people with psychosis is significantly greater than the general population (15). The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among people with schizophrenia ranges generally ranges from 19–35% in European samples (12, 15–22) and from 35–52% in US samples (16, 23). …”

Gene–gene interactions of the INSIG1 and INSIG2 in metabolic syndrome in schizophrenic patients treated with atypical antipsychotics

“…In another study of 3-month follow-up of female patients with schizophrenia treated with AAPs, it was found, at baseline, 15% fulfilled criteria for MetS, and, after 3 months of treatment, 27% fulfilled criteria for MetS. 5 Recently, Correll et al investigated patients with bipolar disorder or schizophrenia patients treated with AAPs. 6 They found both bipolar disorder and schizophrenia patients had comparable and high rates of MetS (43.2 and 45.9%, respectively).…”