Metabolic Syndrome and Risk of Age-Related Cataract over Time: An Analysis of Interval-Censored Data Using a Random-Effects Model

Abstract

PURPOSE. To investigate whether the effect of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components on the incidence of different cataract subtypes (cortical, nuclear, and posterior subcapsular cataract [PSC]) change with time. METHODS.A prospective cohort of persons 49 years of age and older were followed over 10 years in the Blue Mountains Eye Study, west of Sydney, Australia. MetS components as defined by the International Diabetes Federation criteria were measured at baseline (1992)(1993)(1994), after 5 years (1997)(1998)(1999), and after 10 years (2002)(2003)(2004). The incidence of different cataract subtypes was obtained from standard photographic grading at these intervals (n ¼ 1997). Using a random-effects complementary log-log regression model with time to cataract development in discrete time interval, we estimated the effect of MetS and its components on the incidence of different cataract subtypes at different time intervals. RESULTS.After accounting for changes in MetS components over time and controlling for possible confounders, MetS was found to be associated with an increased 5-year incidence of cortical cataract (hazard ratio [HR] 1.48; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-2.09) and PSC cataract (HR 1.75; 95% CI, 1.01-3.04). Among the five MetS components, high glucose and obesity predicted an increased 5-year incidence of cortical cataract. In addition, low high-density lipoprotein and high glucose were associated with an increased 10-year incidence of cortical and PSC cataracts, respectively.CONCLUSIONS. Changes in MetS predicted the 5-year incidence of cortical and PSC cataracts. Different MetS components predicted the incidence of cortical and PSC cataracts at varying time intervals. (Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013; 54:641-646)

Cataract risk had a positive association with metabolic syndrome and negative with a traditional balanced diet in middle-aged adults

“…The present study revealed signi cant associations between cataract prevalence serum glucose levels and hemoglobin A1c levels, which is consistent with previous ndings [33,34]. In particular, we observed linear associations between hemoglobin A1c and fasting serum glucose levels and the presence of cataracts using generalized linear models, which suggests high fasting glucose levels and diabetes are risk factors of cataract development.…”

Metabolic syndrome and some of its components in relation to risk of cataract extraction. A prospective cohort study of men

“…45-49, 50-54, 55-59, 60-64, 65-69, 70-74, 75-79), smoking (never, past, current ≤10, >10 cigarettes/day), alcohol consumption (g/day in quartiles), steroid medication use (yes/no), vitamin supplement use (yes/no), educational level (<10, 10-12, >12 years), physical activity (metabolic equivalent of the task, hr/day in quartiles). extraction is consistent with findings from cohort (Klein et al 1998;Jacques et al 2003;Lindblad et al 2008;Tan et al 2008;Ghaem Maralani et al 2013), cross-sectional (Leske et al 1999;Sabanayagam et al 2011;Richter et al 2012;Park et al 2014) and case-control studies (Galeone et al 2010). Glucose uptake in the lens is an insulin-independent process.…”

“…Only three prospective studies have examined the association between METS and cataract and/or cataract extraction (Lindblad et al 2008;Tan et al 2008;Ghaem Maralani et al 2013).…”

Metabolic Syndrome and its Relation with Eye Diseases: Mini-Review

“…11 Yüksek kan glukozu ve beden kitle indeksinin beş yıllık izlemde kortikal katarakt; hem beş hem 10 yıllık izlemde ise arka subkapsüler katarakt riskini artırdığını, düşük HDL düzeyinin ise 10 yıllık izlemde artmış kortikal katarakt insidansı ile ilişkili olduğunu göstermişlerdir. 11 Tan ve ark., 10 yıllık izlemde, diyabetin yaşa bağlı katarakt için risk faktörü olduğunu, yeni tanı diyabette arka subkapsüler katarakt riskinin arttığını ve bozulmuş açlık glukozunun da kortikal katarakt için muhtemel bir risk faktörü olduğunu belirtmişlerdir. 12 Yüksek MetS indeksinin kortikal katarakt ile anlamlı ilişkisi olduğunu, obezitenin nükleer katarakt riskini artırdığını göstermişlerdir.…”