Metabolic response induced by parasitic plant-fungus interactions hinder amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism in the host

Lee, Dong Kyu; Ahn, Soohyun; Cho, Hae Yoon; Yun, Hye Young; Park, Jeong Hill; Lim, Jong-Tae; Lee, Jeongmi; Kwon, Sung Won

doi:10.1038/srep37434

Cited by 63 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…The "starch and sucrose metabolism" pathway was signi cantly enriched at the early stage response to C. mali infection. It may contribute to cell wall synthesis and lesion repair, which is consist with the previous study [46]. The "protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum" enriched pathway in this study, could involve in the immune response to the C. mali.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

PacBio full-length transcriptome of wild apple (Malus sieversii) provides insights into canker disease dynamic response

Liu

Wen

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Cytospora canker is a serious disease in the stem of Malus sieversii, caused by Cytospora mali. However, little is known about the global response mechanism in M. sieversii to C. mali infection. Results Phytohormone jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) profiles and transcriptome analysis were used to elaborate on the dynamic response mechanism. We determined that the JA was initially produced to respond to the necrotrophic pathogen C. mali infection at the early response stage, then get synergistically transduced with SA to respond at the late response stage. Furthermore, we adopted Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) full-length sequencing to identify differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) during the canker response stage. We obtained 52,538 full-length transcripts, of which 8,139 were DETs. Total 1,336 lncRNAs, 23,737 alternative polyadenylation (APA) sites and 3,780 putative transcription factors (TFs) were identified. Additionally, functional annotation analysis of DETs indicated that the wild apple response to the infection of C. mali involves plant-pathogen interaction, plant hormone signal transduction, flavonoid biosynthesis, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. The co-expression network of the differentially expressed TFs revealed 264 candidate TF transcripts. Among these candidates, the WRKY family was the most abundant. The MsWRKY7 and MsWRKY33 were highly correlated at the early response stage, and MsWRKY6, MsWRKY7, MsWRKY19, MsWRKY33, MsWRKY40, MsWRKY45, MsWRKY51, MsWRKY61, MsWRKY75 were highly correlated at the late stage. Conclusions The full-length transcriptomic analysis revealed a series of immune responsive events in M. sieversii in response to C. mali infection. The phytohormone signal pathway regulatory played an important role in the response stage. Additionally, the enriched disease resistance pathways and differentially expressed TFs dynamics collectively contributed to the immune response. This study provides valuable insights into a dynamic response in M. sieversii upon the necrotrophic pathogen C. mali infection, facilitates understanding of response mechanisms to canker disease for apple, and provides supports in the identification of potential resistance genes in M. sieversii.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

PacBio full-length transcriptome of wild apple (Malus sieversii) provides insights into canker disease dynamic response

Liu

Wen

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolic pathway, which was enriched in CA3 subregion, also showed an interesting trend following tGCI. This pathway is involved in glycosylation protein modifications, which is the most abundant post-translational protein modification, in the Golgi apparatus 44,45 and is related to host-pathogen responses in plants and mammals 46,47 . Nucleotide sugars are important for the glycosylation of proteins, lipids and proteoglycans, and perturbation in these processes can lead to defects in development, organogenesis and immunity 46 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic basis of neuronal vulnerability to ischemia; an in vivo untargeted metabolomics approach

Rashad

Saigusa

Yamazaki

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Understanding the root causes of neuronal vulnerability to ischemia is paramount to the development of new therapies for stroke. Transient global cerebral ischemia (tGCI) leads to selective neuronal cell death in the CA1 sub-region of the hippocampus, while the neighboring CA3 sub-region is left largely intact. By studying factors pertaining to such selective vulnerability, we can develop therapies to enhance outcome after stroke. Using untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, we analyzed temporal metabolomic changes in CA1 and CA3 hippocampal areas following tGCI in rats till the setting of neuronal apoptosis. 64 compounds in CA1 and 74 in CA3 were found to be enriched and statistically significant following tGCI. Pathway analysis showed that pyrimidine and purine metabolism pathways amongst several others to be enriched after tGCI in CA1 and CA3. Metabolomics analysis was able to capture very early changes following ischemia. We detected 6 metabolites to be upregulated and 6 to be downregulated 1 hour after tGCI in CA1 versus CA3. Several metabolites related to apoptosis and inflammation were differentially expressed in both regions after tGCI. We offer a new insight into the process of neuronal apoptosis, guided by metabolomic profiling that was not performed to such an extent previously.Metabolomics is the study of metabolite composition of cells, tissues or biological fluids. Recent technological advances in this field has allowed the discovery of new biomarkers of diseases such as coronary artery disease, septic shock and brain tumors as well as the discovery of new drugs 1-5 . Metabolomic analysis has also deepened our understanding of several disease models, leading to the discovery of new pathways or targets for drug therapies that could later be applied to the treatment of various diseases [6][7][8][9][10][11] . Indeed, metabolomics are closer to the phenotype of a given disease compared with transcriptomic or proteomic analysis, both of which are prone to downstream modifications and changes in activities 1,12 .Several techniques, tools and software platforms exist to study metabolomics, all of which complement each other 13 . The application of these tools has greatly enhanced our understanding of the pathophysiology of diseases in almost every field of research 14 . In the field of neuroscience, metabolomic analysis is used to study stroke 15 , brain tumors 16 , traumatic brain injury (TBI) 17,18 , neurodegenerative diseases 19 , hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy 20 and depression 21 to name a few 22 . The application of metabolomic tools to study brain diseases have greatly enhanced our understanding of different pathologies, for example; we demonstrated the upregulation of the ceramide "Cer(d18:0/18:0)" and phosphocreatine following transient ischemia-reperfusion in mice using a mass spectrometric imaging approach 15 . Several studies have highlighted an array of small molecules, amino acids and lipids that were linked to stroke severity, progression or post-stroke cognitive deficits [23][...

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“…Like other members of the genus Malus, Malus 'Profusion' is vulnerable to Japanese apple rust [1]. The rust fungus, Gymnosporangium yamadae (Miyabe ex G. Yamada, 1904) infects apple trees and shrubs, causing serious diseases [2]. The G. yamadae fungal parasite afflicts coniferous trees, apple trees, and other species in the genus Malus [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome Sequencing and Expression Analysis of Genes Related to Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Leaves of Malus ‘Profusion’ Infected by Japanese Apple Rust

Liu

Wang

Meng

et al. 2019

Forests

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Anthocyanins play many roles in plants, including providing protection from biotic and abiotic stresses. Japanese apple rust (Gymnosporangium yamadae Miyabe ex G. Yamada) causes serious diseases in plants of the genus Malus and results in reduced fruit production and quality. However, few studies have been done to unravel the molecular mechanisms of anthocyanin formation in rust-infected apple leaves. To identify new regulatory genes in apple leaves that may be involved in regulating rust-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis, we measured anthocyanin content and sequenced the transcriptomes of rust-infected and uninfected tissues of Malus ‘Profusion’ leaves. Significant color changes and anthocyanin enrichment (especially cyanidin-3-galactoside chloride) occurred in infected tissues, whereas no significant color change and a low anthocyanin level were observed in uninfected tissue. We identified 10,045 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in these two tissue types, including 6021 genes that were upregulated in the infected tissue and 4024 genes that were downregulated. We also identified five structural genes that are putative regulators of anthocyanin biosynthesis. In addition, 56 MYB genes, 36 bHLH genes, and one WD40 gene were identified among the obtained DEGs. According to the phylogeny of the amino acid sequences of transcription factors known to be involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis, one MYB gene (MYB114-like) and two bHLH genes (bHLH33 and bHLHA-like) may relate to anthocyanin biosynthesis in rust-infected apple leaves. These data will provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying anthocyanin accumulation upon rust infection.

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Metabolic response induced by parasitic plant-fungus interactions hinder amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism in the host

Cited by 63 publications

References 44 publications

PacBio full-length transcriptome of wild apple (Malus sieversii) provides insights into canker disease dynamic response

PacBio full-length transcriptome of wild apple (Malus sieversii) provides insights into canker disease dynamic response

Metabolic basis of neuronal vulnerability to ischemia; an in vivo untargeted metabolomics approach

Transcriptome Sequencing and Expression Analysis of Genes Related to Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Leaves of Malus ‘Profusion’ Infected by Japanese Apple Rust

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