Metabolic rate, latitude and thermal stability of roosts, but not phylogeny, affect rewarming rates of bats

Menzies, Allyson K.; Webber, Quinn M. R.; Baloun, Dylan E.; McGuire, L.; Muise, Kristina A.; Côté, Damien; Tinkler, Samantha; Willis, Craig K. R.

doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.06.015

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Rewarming from torpor is energetically costly [5,26,32]. Menzies et al [27] found that thermally unstable roost types may be associated with higher rewarming rates to reduce metabolic costs of arousals. Passive rewarming by huddling together in thermally stable hibernacula has been reported to decrease energy expenditure during rewarming in bats [26,76,77].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, exposed environments can facilitate rewarming from torpor [8,26]. In torpid bats, roosting in exposed sites may increase the frequency of periodic arousals if temperature fluctuations are numerous [8,26,27]. Sheltered roosts offer more thermal stability, which may reduce the number of arousals during long bouts of torpor [28,29], but rewarming costs might increase, resulting in the faster depletion of fat stores [5,30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Influence of Roost Type and Diet on Energy Expenditure in Bats

Marroquin,

Gerth,

Muñoz-Garcia

2023

Diversity

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Bats spend most of their lives resting, socializing, and raising their young in roosts. Roost conditions may affect the lifetime energy expenditure of bats, and this could, in turn, influence fitness of individuals. Different kinds of roosts impose different microclimatic conditions that can affect the thermal balances of bats that use them. Bats thermoregulate by using both physiological mechanisms (such as changes in conductance) and behavioral responses (huddling or active search of certain microclimates). We hypothesized that the contribution of these thermoregulatory strategies would differ depending on the roost type that bats use. To test this idea, we collated data from the literature on metabolic rate (MR), body temperature (Tb), ambient temperature at which MR and Tb were collected, roost type, and diet for 43 species of bats spanning eleven families. From these data, we calculated, for each species, the wet conductance and the area of the thermoregulatory polygon (TRP) as a proxy for the physiological thermoregulatory capabilities of bats. We found that, after controlling for phylogeny, wet conductance and the area of the TRP were higher in bats that use more exposed roosts than in those bats who use roosts that can buffer environmental conditions. Our results suggest that energy expenditure is similar for all species, but in bats that live in more exposed roosts, the contribution of physiological responses was more important than behavior at the entire range of environmental temperatures, whereas bats in more protected roosts seem to rely more on behavioral responses to thermoregulate. Considering that roosts represent valuable resources, the availability of roosts with the proper microclimatic conditions could determine the patterns of distribution of bat populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Roost Type and Diet on Energy Expenditure in Bats

Marroquin,

Gerth,

Muñoz-Garcia

2023

Diversity

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“…where WR is the warming rate for the species (°C h −1 ). We obtained warming rates for each species from multiple sources (Geiser and Baudinette, 1990;Hirshfeld and O'Farrell, 1976;Menzies et al, 2016;Willis, 2008). All other model parameters were acquired as described above.…”

Section: Comparison Between 67% Proportion and Cooling Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bats are not squirrels: Revisiting the cost of cooling in hibernating mammals

Haase

Fuller

Hranac

et al. 2019

Journal of Thermal Biology

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Many species use stored energy to hibernate through periods of resource limitation. Hibernation, a physiological state characterized by depressed metabolism and body temperature, is critical to winter survival and reproduction, and therefore has been extensively quantified and modeled. Hibernation consists of alternating phases of extended periods of torpor (low body temperature, low metabolic rate), and energetically costly periodic arousals to normal body temperature. Arousals consist of multiple phases: warming, euthermia, and cooling. Warming and euthermic costs are regularly included in energetic models, but although cooling to torpid body temperature is an important phase of the torpor-arousal cycle, it is often overlooked in energetic models. When included, cooling cost is assumed to be 67% of warming cost, an assumption originally derived from a single study that measured cooling cost in ground squirrels. Since this study, the same proportional value has been assumed across a variety of hibernating species. However, no additional values have been derived. We derived a model of cooling cost from first principles and validated the model with empirical energetic measurements. We compared the assumed 67% proportional cooling cost with our model-predicted cooling cost for 53 hibernating mammals. Our results indicate that using 67% of warming cost only adequately represents cooling cost in ground squirrel-sized mammals. In smaller species, this value overestimates cooling cost and in larger species, the value underestimates cooling cost. Our model allows for the generalization of energetic costs for multiple species using species-specific physiological and morphometric parameters, and for predictions over variable environmental conditions.

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Physiology and Thermal Biology

Geiser

2021

Fascinating Life Sciences

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Metabolic rate, latitude and thermal stability of roosts, but not phylogeny, affect rewarming rates of bats

Cited by 11 publications

References 63 publications

The Influence of Roost Type and Diet on Energy Expenditure in Bats

The Influence of Roost Type and Diet on Energy Expenditure in Bats

Bats are not squirrels: Revisiting the cost of cooling in hibernating mammals

Physiology and Thermal Biology

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